🕋 Pilgrimage and the Kaaba in the Quran
The Quran calls the House at Bakkah the first house of worship set up for people, a blessed place and a guidance for all the worlds. It is also called the Sacred House, the Ancient House and the Kaaba. In it is the Station of Abraham, and whoever enters it is safe. Believers are told to turn their faces towards the Sacred Mosque in prayer, wherever they may be.
According to the Quran, God showed Abraham the site of the House. Abraham and Ishmael raised its foundations together, praying that God would accept their work, make them and their descendants devoted to Him, and show them their rites of worship. Abraham was then told to proclaim the pilgrimage among people, who would come to the House on foot and on lean camels from distant mountain passes.
The verses on the pilgrimage describe Safa and Marwah as symbols of God and speak of pouring down from Arafat to remember God, of offering sacrificial animals and feeding the poor, and of avoiding wrongdoing and quarrels while on pilgrimage. The Quran stresses that neither the flesh nor the blood of the offerings reaches God; what reaches Him is mindfulness of Him. The verses below gather what the text of the Quran says about the House and the pilgrimage.
(简介为英文)
The first house set up for people
- 3:96-97
The House at Bakkah is the first, blessed house; those able owe God its pilgrimage.
إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ لَلَّذِي بِبَكَّةَ مُبَارَكًا وَهُدًى لِلْعَالَمِينَ
인나 아우왈라 바이틴 우디아 린나시 랄라ð디 비박카타 무바r라칸 와후달 릴알라민
The first house [of worship] set up for people is the one at Bakkah, a blessed place and a guidance for all the worlds.
فِيهِ آيَاتٌ بَيِّنَاتٌ مَقَامُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ۖ وَمَنْ دَخَلَهُ كَانَ آمِنًا ۗ وَلِلَّهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ حِجُّ الْبَيْتِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا ۚ وَمَنْ كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنِ الْعَالَمِينَ
f피히 아야툼 바이나툼 마까무 이브r라히마 와만 다칼라후 카나 아미난 왈릴라히 알란 나시 힛줄 바이티 마니 스타따아 일라이히 사빌란 와만 카f파r라 f파인날 라하 가니윤 아닐 알라민
In it are clear signs—the Station of Abraham—and whoever enters it is safe. Pilgrimage to the House is a duty owed to God by all people who are able to make their way there. And whoever disbelieves—God has no need of anyone in all the worlds.
- 5:97
God made the Kaaba, the Sacred House, a means of support for people.
جَعَلَ اللَّهُ الْكَعْبَةَ الْبَيْتَ الْحَرَامَ قِيَامًا لِلنَّاسِ وَالشَّهْرَ الْحَرَامَ وَالْهَدْيَ وَالْقَلَائِدَ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ لِتَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
자알랄 라훌 카으바탈 바이탈 하r라마 끼야말 린나시 왓샤흐r랄 하r라마 왈하드야 왈깔라이다 ð달리카 리타을라무 안날 라하 야을라무 마 f핏 사마와티 와마 f필 아r르디 와안날 라하 비쿨리 샤이인 알림
God has made the Kaaba, the Sacred House, a means of support for people, as well as the sacred month, the sacrificial animals and the garlanded [offerings]. That is so that you may know that God knows whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth, and that God has full knowledge of all things.
- 2:144
Believers are told to turn their faces towards the Sacred Mosque wherever they are.
قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ۖ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا ۚ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۚ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ ۗ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ ۗ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ
까드 나r라 타깔루바 와즈히카 f핏 사마이 f팔라누왈리얀나카 끼블라탄 타r르다하 f파왈리 와즈하카 샤뜨r랄 마스지딜 하r라미 와하이θ수 마 쿤툼 f파왈루 우주하쿰 샤뜨r라후 와인날 라ð디나 우툴 키타바 라야을라무나 안나훌 학꾸 민 r랍비힘 와말 라후 비가f필린 암마 야으말룬
We have seen you turning your face towards the sky, so We will surely turn you to a direction of prayer that will please you. So turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque, and wherever you [believers] may be, turn your faces towards it. Those who were given the Book know well that it is the truth from their Lord. And God is not unaware of what they do.
- 106:3-4
Worship the Lord of this House, who fed them and kept them safe from fear.
فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ
f팔야으부두 r랍바 하ð달 바이트
let them worship the Lord of this House,
الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُمْ مِنْ جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُمْ مِنْ خَوْفٍ
알라ð디 아뜨아마훔 민 주인 와아마나훔 민 카우f프
who has fed them [saving them] from hunger and made them safe from fear.
The House raised by Abraham and Ishmael
- 2:125
The House is a place of return and safety; Abraham and Ishmael must purify it.
وَإِذْ جَعَلْنَا الْبَيْتَ مَثَابَةً لِلنَّاسِ وَأَمْنًا وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى ۖ وَعَهِدْنَا إِلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ أَنْ طَهِّرَا بَيْتِيَ لِلطَّائِفِينَ وَالْعَاكِفِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ
와이ð드 자알날 바이타 마θ사바탈 린나시 와암난 왓타키ð두 밈 마까미 이브r라히마 무살란 와아히드나 일라 이브r라히마 와이스마일라 안 따히r라 바이티야 릿따이f피나 왈아키f피나 와르r룩카잇 수주드
And when We made the House a place of return for people and a sanctuary, [saying], “Take the station of Abraham as a place of prayer.” And We charged Abraham and Ishmael, “Purify My House for those who circle it, those who stay there in devotion, and those who bow and prostrate.”
- 2:127-129
Raising its foundations, they pray for devoted descendants, their rites, and a messenger.
وَإِذْ يَرْفَعُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْقَوَاعِدَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا ۖ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
와이ð드 야r르f파우 이브r라히물 까와이다 미날 바이티 와이스마일루 r랍바나 타깝발 민나 인나카 안탓 사미울 알림
And when Abraham was raising the foundations of the House, together with Ishmael, [they prayed], “Our Lord, accept [this] from us. You are the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.
رَبَّنَا وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ لَكَ وَمِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِنَا أُمَّةً مُسْلِمَةً لَكَ وَأَرِنَا مَنَاسِكَنَا وَتُبْ عَلَيْنَا ۖ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ
r랍바나 와즈알나 무슬리마이니 라카 와민 ð두르r리야티나 움마탐 무슬리마탈 라카 와아r리나 마나시카나 와투브 알라이나 인나카 안탓 타우와부 르r라힘
Our Lord, make us both Muslims [in submission] to You, and of our descendants a community submitting to You. Show us our rites of worship and accept our repentance. You are the Ever-Relenting, the Most Merciful.
رَبَّنَا وَابْعَثْ فِيهِمْ رَسُولًا مِنْهُمْ يَتْلُو عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِكَ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ ۚ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
r랍바나 와브아θ스 f피힘 r라술람 민훔 야틀루 알라이힘 아야티카 와유알리무후물 키타바 왈히크마타 와유작키힘 인나카 안탈 아지줄 하킴
Our Lord, raise up among them a messenger from among themselves who will recite Your verses to them, teach them the Book and wisdom, and purify them. You are the Almighty, the All-Wise.”
- 14:37
Abraham settles some offspring in a barren valley near the Sacred House, that they pray.
رَبَّنَا إِنِّي أَسْكَنْتُ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي بِوَادٍ غَيْرِ ذِي زَرْعٍ عِنْدَ بَيْتِكَ الْمُحَرَّمِ رَبَّنَا لِيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ فَاجْعَلْ أَفْئِدَةً مِنَ النَّاسِ تَهْوِي إِلَيْهِمْ وَارْزُقْهُمْ مِنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَشْكُرُونَ
r랍바나 인니 아스칸투 민 ð두르r리야티 비와딘 가이r리 ð디 자r르인 인다 바이티칼 무하르r라미 r랍바나 리유끼뭇 살라타 f파즈알 아f프이다탐 미난 나시 타흐위 일라이힘 와r르주끄훔 미낫 θ사마r라티 라알라훔 야시쿠r룬
Our Lord, I have settled some of my offspring in a valley without crops, near Your Sacred House, our Lord, so that they may keep up the prayer. So make the hearts of people incline towards them, and provide them with fruits so that they may be grateful.
- 22:26-27
God shows Abraham the site of the House and tells him to proclaim the pilgrimage.
وَإِذْ بَوَّأْنَا لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ مَكَانَ الْبَيْتِ أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِي شَيْئًا وَطَهِّرْ بَيْتِيَ لِلطَّائِفِينَ وَالْقَائِمِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ
와이ð드 바우와으나 리이브r라히마 마카날 바이티 알 라 투시r릭 비 샤이안 와따히r르 바이티야 릿따이f피나 왈까이미나 와르r룩카잇 수주드
And [remember] when We showed Abraham the site of the House, [saying,] “Do not associate anything with Me, and purify My House for those who circle it, those who stand [in prayer], and those who bow and prostrate.
وَأَذِّنْ فِي النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ يَأْتُوكَ رِجَالًا وَعَلَىٰ كُلِّ ضَامِرٍ يَأْتِينَ مِنْ كُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِيقٍ
와앗ð딘 f핀 나시 빌핫지 야으투카 r리잘란 와알라 쿨리 다미r린 야으티나 민 쿨리 f팟진 아미끄
And proclaim the pilgrimage among people. They will come to you on foot and on every lean camel, coming from every distant mountain pass,
The rites of the pilgrimage
- 2:158
Safa and Marwah are symbols of God; pilgrims may go between them.
إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ ۖ فَمَنْ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ أَوِ اعْتَمَرَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَطَّوَّفَ بِهِمَا ۚ وَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ شَاكِرٌ عَلِيمٌ
인낫 사f파 왈마r르와타 민 샤아이r릴 라히 f파만 핫잘 바이타 아위 으타마r라 f팔라 주나하 알라이히 안 얏따우와f파 비히마 와만 타따우와아 카이r란 f파인날 라하 샤키r룬 알림
Indeed, Safa and Marwah are among the symbols of God. So whoever performs the pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House or the lesser pilgrimage (Umrah), there is no blame on him for going between them. And whoever does good of his own accord—God is Appreciative, All-Knowing.
- 2:196
Complete the Hajj and Umrah for God, with rules on offerings and fasting.
وَأَتِمُّوا الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ۚ فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ ۖ وَلَا تَحْلِقُوا رُءُوسَكُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَبْلُغَ الْهَدْيُ مَحِلَّهُ ۚ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضًا أَوْ بِهِ أَذًى مِنْ رَأْسِهِ فَفِدْيَةٌ مِنْ صِيَامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُكٍ ۚ فَإِذَا أَمِنْتُمْ فَمَنْ تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ ۚ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ ۗ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ ۗ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُهُ حَاضِرِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۚ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ
와아팀물 핫자 왈움r라타 릴라히 f파인 우흐시r르툼 f파마 스타이사r라 미날 하드이 왈라 타흘리꾸 r루우사쿰 핫타 야블루갈 하드유 마힐라후 f파만 카나 민쿰 마r리단 아우 비히 아ð담 민 r라으시히 f파f피드야툼 민 시야민 아우 사다까틴 아우 누수킨 f파이ð다 아민툼 f파만 타맛타아 빌움r라티 일랄 핫지 f파마 스타이사r라 미날 하드이 f파말 람 야지드 f파시야무 θ살라θ사티 아이야민 f필 핫지 와사브아틴 이ð다 r라자으툼 틸카 아샤r라툰 카밀라툰 ð달리카 리말 람 야쿤 아흘루후 하디r릴 마스지딜 하r라미 왓타꿀 라하 와을라무 안날 라하 샤디둘 이까브
Complete the pilgrimage and the lesser pilgrimage for God. But if you are prevented, then [offer] whatever sacrificial animal is easy to obtain, and do not shave your heads until the sacrificial animal reaches its place. Whoever of you is ill or has an ailment of the scalp must offer a ransom of fasting, charity or sacrifice. When you are safe, whoever combines the lesser pilgrimage with the pilgrimage must offer whatever sacrificial animal is easy to obtain. Whoever cannot find one must fast three days during the pilgrimage and seven when you have returned—that is ten in all. This is for one whose family does not live near the Sacred Mosque. Be mindful of God, and know that God is severe in retribution.
- 2:197
During the pilgrimage, no intimacy, wrongdoing or quarrels; the best provision is mindfulness of God.
الْحَجُّ أَشْهُرٌ مَعْلُومَاتٌ ۚ فَمَنْ فَرَضَ فِيهِنَّ الْحَجَّ فَلَا رَفَثَ وَلَا فُسُوقَ وَلَا جِدَالَ فِي الْحَجِّ ۗ وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ يَعْلَمْهُ اللَّهُ ۗ وَتَزَوَّدُوا فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الزَّادِ التَّقْوَىٰ ۚ وَاتَّقُونِ يَا أُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ
알핫주 아시후r룸 마을루마툰 f파만 f파r라다 f피힌날 핫자 f팔라 r라f파θ사 왈라 f푸수까 왈라 지달라 f필 핫지 와마 타f프알루 민 카이r린 야을람훌 라후 와타자우와두 f파인나 카이r랏 자딧 타끄와 왓타꾸니 야 울릴 알바브
The pilgrimage is [in] well-known months. Whoever undertakes the pilgrimage in them, there is to be no sexual relations, no wrongdoing and no quarrelling during the pilgrimage. Whatever good you do, God knows it. Take provisions, but the best provision is mindfulness of God. So be mindful of Me, O people of understanding.
- 2:198-199
Pouring down from Arafat, pilgrims remember God at the Sacred Landmark and seek forgiveness.
لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ تَبْتَغُوا فَضْلًا مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ ۚ فَإِذَا أَفَضْتُمْ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ عِنْدَ الْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ ۖ وَاذْكُرُوهُ كَمَا هَدَاكُمْ وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ لَمِنَ الضَّالِّينَ
라이사 알라이쿰 주나훈 안 탑타구 f파들람 민 r랍비쿰 f파이ð다 아f파드툼 민 아r라f파틴 f파ð드쿠r룰 라하 인달 마시아r릴 하r라미 와ð드쿠r루후 카마 하다쿰 와인 쿤툼 민 까블리히 라미낫 달린
There is no blame on you for seeking bounty from your Lord. When you pour down from Arafat, remember God at the Sacred Landmark. Remember Him as He has guided you, though before this you were among those astray.
ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ وَاسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
θ숨마 아f피두 민 하이θ수 아f파단 나수 와스타그f피r룰 라하 인날 라하 가f푸r룬 r라힘
Then pour down from where the people pour down, and ask God for forgiveness. Indeed, God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
- 2:203
Remember God on the appointed days; leaving after two days or staying on is no sin.
وَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْدُودَاتٍ ۚ فَمَنْ تَعَجَّلَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ تَأَخَّرَ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ لِمَنِ اتَّقَىٰ ۗ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ
와ð드쿠r룰 라하 f피 아이야밈 마으두다틴 f파만 타앗잘라 f피 야우마이니 f팔라 이θ스마 알라이히 와만 타악카r라 f팔라 이θ스마 알라이히 리마닛 타까 왓타꿀 라하 와을라무 안나쿰 일라이히 투흐샤r룬
Remember God during the appointed days. Whoever hastens [to leave] after two days, there is no sin on him, and whoever stays on, there is no sin on him—for one who is mindful [of God]. Be mindful of God, and know that to Him you will be gathered.
- 22:28-29
Pilgrims mention God over livestock, feed the poor, and circle the Ancient House.
لِيَشْهَدُوا مَنَافِعَ لَهُمْ وَيَذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْلُومَاتٍ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُمْ مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ ۖ فَكُلُوا مِنْهَا وَأَطْعِمُوا الْبَائِسَ الْفَقِيرَ
리야시하두 마나f피아 라훔 와야ð드쿠r루 스말 라히 f피 아이야밈 마을루마틴 알라 마 r라자까훔 밈 바히마틸 안아미 f파쿨루 민하 와아뜨이물 바이살 f파끼r르
so that they may witness benefits for themselves and mention the name of God on known days over the livestock He has provided for them. So eat of them and feed the wretched poor.
ثُمَّ لْيَقْضُوا تَفَثَهُمْ وَلْيُوفُوا نُذُورَهُمْ وَلْيَطَّوَّفُوا بِالْبَيْتِ الْعَتِيقِ
θ숨말 약두 타f파θ사훔 왈유f푸 누ð두r라훔 왈얏따우와f푸 빌바이틸 아티끄
Then let them complete their [ritual] cleansing, fulfil their vows, and circle around the Ancient House.”
- 22:36-37
Neither the flesh nor the blood reaches God; only mindfulness of Him does.
وَالْبُدْنَ جَعَلْنَاهَا لَكُمْ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ لَكُمْ فِيهَا خَيْرٌ ۖ فَاذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا صَوَافَّ ۖ فَإِذَا وَجَبَتْ جُنُوبُهَا فَكُلُوا مِنْهَا وَأَطْعِمُوا الْقَانِعَ وَالْمُعْتَرَّ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرْنَاهَا لَكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ
왈부드나 자알나하 라쿰 민 샤아이r릴 라히 라쿰 f피하 카이r룬 f파ð드쿠r루 스말 라히 알라이하 사왑f파 f파이ð다 와자바트 주누부하 f파쿨루 민하 와아뜨이물 까니아 왈무으타르r라 카ð달리카 삭카r르나하 라쿰 라알라쿰 타시쿠r룬
The sacrificial camels We have made for you among the symbols of God; in them there is good for you. So mention the name of God over them as they stand in lines. Then when they have fallen on their sides, eat of them and feed the one who does not ask and the one who does. Thus We have subjected them to you, so that you may be grateful.
لَنْ يَنَالَ اللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا دِمَاؤُهَا وَلَٰكِنْ يَنَالُهُ التَّقْوَىٰ مِنْكُمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا لَكُمْ لِتُكَبِّرُوا اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَاكُمْ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
란 야날랄 라하 루후무하 왈라 디마우하 왈라킨 야날루훗 타끄와 민쿰 카ð달리카 삭카r라하 라쿰 리투캅비r룰 라하 알라 마 하다쿰 와밧시r릴 무흐시닌
Neither their flesh nor their blood reaches God, but what reaches Him is mindfulness of God from you. Thus has He subjected them to you so that you may magnify God for having guided you. And give good news to those who do good.