Ar-Rum 30
The Romans读音标注说明
الرَّحْمَٰنِ르r라흐마니 بِسْمِ비스밀
- 粗体= 单词的重音音节,读得稍重。
- 上划线= 长元音(麦德),拖长约两拍。诵读中最重要的长度。
- 小字= 阿拉伯语这里没有元音,只发辅音,短促。
- 小拉丁字母= 韩语里没有的音,标在后面的音节上。f 上齿碰下唇 · θ/ð 舌尖放在齿间 · r 舌尖颤动(只有“ㄹ”时是 l)。
读音标注说明
beginning the Christ salvation
- 粗大字(ˈ)= 重读、稍长。单词里最重的音节。
- 浅色字= 弱读、短读(含糊元音)。不要每个音节一样重。
- 小号的 “으·트·스”= 几乎不发音。英语里没有这个元音,只发辅音。
- 整个词都浅(the、of、and、to…)= 句中轻读、快读,重读名词、动词等实词。
- 小号的 f v θ ð r= 韩语里没有的音。f 上齿轻触下唇,v 同样位置并发声,θ/ð 舌尖放在上下齿之间,r 舌头卷起、不碰任何地方。
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章
关于本章
The surah begins with the defeat of the Romans in a nearby land and the statement that they will be victorious within a few years, presented as a promise of God that does not fail. It urges people to look at the fate of earlier nations and says that humanity will be separated when the Hour arrives. A long central passage lists things “among His signs”: creating people from dust, placing affection and mercy between spouses, the diversity of languages and colors, sleep, lightning and rain, and the heavens and earth standing by His command. Readers are told to set their faces toward the upright religion, the natural disposition with which God created people, and to give relatives, the needy and travelers their due; interest-bearing lending is contrasted with alms given for God's sake. It recalls the human life span from weakness to strength and back to weakness, and ends with a call to patience.
- The Romans' defeat and victory
- Signs of God
- Human nature and faith
- Usury versus alms
- Resurrection and judgment
章名由来 It takes its name from verse 2, “The Romans have been defeated.”
(简介为英文)
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1
Alif Lam Mim.
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2
The Romans have been defeated
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in the nearest land. But after their defeat they will be victorious
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within a few years. The command belongs to God before and after. On that day the believers will rejoice
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in God’s help. He helps whomever He wills. He is the Almighty, the Most Merciful.
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[It is] God’s promise. God does not break His promise, but most people do not know.
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They know only the outward surface of the life of this world, and they are heedless of the Hereafter.
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Have they not reflected within themselves? God did not create the heavens and the earth and all that is between them except in truth and for a fixed term. Yet many people deny the meeting with their Lord.
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Have they not traveled through the land and seen what the end of those before them was? They were stronger than them in power; they tilled the land and built it up more than these have built it up. Their messengers came to them with clear proofs. God would not wrong them, but they wronged themselves.
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Then the end of those who did evil was the worst [end], because they denied God’s signs and used to mock them.
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God originates creation, then repeats it; then to Him you will be returned.
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On the day the Hour arrives, the guilty will be struck with despair.
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They will have no intercessors among their ‘partners’, and they will disown their ‘partners’.
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On the day the Hour arrives — on that day they will be separated.
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As for those who believed and did righteous deeds, they will be made joyful in a garden meadow.
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But as for those who disbelieved and denied Our signs and the meeting of the Hereafter, they will be brought into the punishment.
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So glory be to God when you reach the evening and when you reach the morning.
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To Him belongs all praise in the heavens and the earth — and [glorify Him] in the late afternoon and when you reach midday.
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He brings the living out of the dead and brings the dead out of the living, and He gives life to the earth after its death. Likewise you will be brought out.
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Among His signs is that He created you from dust, and then — behold — you are human beings spreading far and wide.
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Among His signs is that He created for you, from among yourselves, spouses so that you may find tranquility in them, and He placed between you affection and mercy. In that are surely signs for people who reflect.
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Among His signs are the creation of the heavens and the earth and the diversity of your languages and your colors. In that are surely signs for those who know.
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Among His signs are your sleep by night and by day, and your seeking of His bounty. In that are surely signs for people who listen.
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Among His signs is that He shows you the lightning, [arousing] fear and hope, and sends down water from the sky and with it gives life to the earth after its death. In that are surely signs for people who use reason.
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Among His signs is that the heaven and the earth stand firm by His command. Then, when He calls you with a single call from the earth, at once you will come out.
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To Him belongs whoever is in the heavens and the earth; all are devoutly obedient to Him.
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He is the One who originates creation, then repeats it, and that is even easier for Him. His is the highest description in the heavens and the earth. He is the Almighty, the All-Wise.
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He sets forth for you an example drawn from your own lives: do you have, among those whom your right hands possess, partners in what We have provided for you, so that you are equal in it and fear them as you fear one another? Thus We make the signs clear for people who use reason.
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But the wrongdoers follow their own desires without knowledge. Who then can guide those whom God has let go astray? They will have no helpers.
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So set your face toward the religion, upright in faith — the natural disposition with which God created people. There is no altering God’s creation. That is the upright religion, but most people do not know.
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[Be] turning to Him in repentance, and be mindful of Him, keep up the prayer, and do not be among the idolaters —
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those who split up their religion and became sects, each faction rejoicing in what it has.
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When harm touches people, they call upon their Lord, turning to Him. Then, when He gives them a taste of mercy from Himself, at once a group of them associate partners with their Lord,
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so as to be ungrateful for what We have given them. So enjoy yourselves; you will soon know.
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Or have We sent down to them some authority that speaks [in favor] of what they associate with Him?
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When We give people a taste of mercy, they rejoice in it; but if some evil befalls them because of what their own hands have sent ahead, at once they despair.
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Have they not seen that God expands provision for whomever He wills and restricts it? In that are surely signs for people who believe.
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So give the relative his due, and the needy, and the traveler. That is best for those who seek the Face of God, and it is they who are successful.
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Whatever you give out in usury so that it may grow through other people’s wealth does not grow with God. But whatever you give as alms (zakat), seeking the Face of God — it is they who will receive manifold.
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It is God who created you, then provided for you, then will cause you to die, then will bring you to life. Is there any of your ‘partners’ who does any of that? Glory be to Him, and exalted is He above what they associate [with Him].
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Corruption has appeared on land and sea because of what people’s hands have earned, so that He may let them taste something of what they have done, so that they may turn back.
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Say, “Journey across the earth and observe the fate of those who came earlier; the majority of them were idolaters.”
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So set your face toward the upright religion before there comes from God a day that cannot be turned back. On that day they will be split apart.
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Whoever disbelieves will bear [the burden of] his disbelief, and those who do righteous deeds are preparing [a place] for themselves,
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so that He may reward out of His bounty those who believe and do righteous deeds. He does not love the disbelievers.
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Among His signs is that He sends the winds bearing good news, to let you taste His mercy, so that ships may sail by His command, so that you may seek His bounty, and so that you may be grateful.
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We sent messengers before you to their peoples, and they came to them with clear proofs. Then We took retribution on those who committed crimes; and helping the believers was a duty upon Us.
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It is God who sends the winds, and they stir up clouds; then He spreads them across the sky as He wills and breaks them into fragments, and you see the rain coming out from their midst. When He makes it fall on whomever He wills of His servants, at once they rejoice,
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though before it was sent down upon them — before that — they had been in despair.
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So look at the traces of God’s mercy — how He gives life to the earth after its death. That same One will surely give life to the dead, and He has power over all things.
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But if We sent a wind and they saw [their crops] turning yellow, they would afterwards persist in ingratitude.
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You cannot make the dead hear, nor can you make the deaf hear the call when they turn their backs and go away.
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Nor can you guide the blind out of their straying. You can make none hear except those who believe in Our signs and so submit [to God].
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God is the One who created you in a state of weakness, then after weakness brought strength, and after strength brought weakness and grey hair. He creates as He pleases; He is the All-Knowing, the All-Capable.
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On the day the Hour arrives, the guilty will swear that they remained [in the world] no more than an hour. Thus they used to be turned away [from the truth].
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But those who were given knowledge and faith will say, “You remained, as God had recorded, until the Day of Resurrection. This is the Day of Resurrection, but you did not know.”
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On that day, the excuses of those who did wrong will be of no benefit to them, nor will they be allowed to make amends.
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We have set forth for people in this Quran every kind of example. Yet if you bring them a sign, those who disbelieve will surely say, “You are nothing but followers of falsehood.”
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This is how God sets a seal on the hearts of those without knowledge.
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So be patient; God’s promise is true. And do not let those who lack certainty unsettle you.