Luqman 31
LuqmanHow to read the Hangul
الرَّحْمَٰنِ르r라흐마니 بِسْمِ비스밀
- Bold = the stressed syllable of the word; a little stronger.
- Overline = long vowel (madd): hold it about two beats. Length matters most in recitation.
- Tiny = no vowel in the Arabic here — just the consonant, short.
- Small Latin letter = a sound Korean lacks, on the next syllable: f upper teeth on lower lip · θ/ð tongue tip between the teeth · r rolled tongue tip (a bare ㄹ is l).
How to read the Hangul
beginning the Christ salvation
- Bold, larger (ˈ) = say it strong and a little longer — the stressed syllable.
- Faint = weak and short (a reduced vowel). Don't give every syllable equal weight.
- Tiny 으 · 트 · 스 = barely voiced. English has no vowel there — stop on the consonant.
- Whole word faint (the, of, and, to…) = light and quick in a sentence; stress the content words.
- Small f v θ ð r = sounds Korean doesn't have — f: upper teeth on the lower lip; v: the same, voiced; θ/ð: tongue tip between the teeth; r: tongue curled back, touching nothing.
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Surah
About this surah
The surah opens by describing the Book as guidance and mercy for those who do good, and warns against the person who buys up idle tales to lead others away from God's path. After pointing to the heavens raised without visible pillars and the creatures spread over the earth, it presents the counsel of Luqman, a man given wisdom, to his son: do not associate partners with God; even a deed the weight of a mustard seed will be brought forth; keep up the prayer, enjoin what is right and be patient; do not walk arrogantly, and lower your voice. Set within this advice is a command to be grateful to one's parents, remembering the mother's hardship. The surah then says that if every tree were a pen and the sea ink, God's words would not run out, and it ends by stating that knowledge of the Hour and of tomorrow belongs to God alone.
- Luqman's advice to his son
- Gratitude to parents
- Humility and moderation
- God's inexhaustible words
- Knowledge belonging to God
The name It is named after Luqman, who is given wisdom and counsels his son in verses 12–19.
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1
Alif Lam Mim.
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2
These are the verses of the wise Book,
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3
a guidance and a mercy for those who do good,
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4
who keep up the prayer and give the alms (zakat), and who are certain of the Hereafter.
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5
They are upon guidance from their Lord, and it is they who are successful.
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6
Among people there is one who buys up idle tales to lead [others] astray from God’s path without knowledge, and to make a mockery of it. For such there is a humiliating punishment.
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7
When Our verses are recited to him, he turns away in arrogance as if he had not heard them, as if there were deafness in his ears. So give him news of a painful punishment.
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8
Those who believe and do righteous deeds will have Gardens of bliss,
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9
to remain there forever — God’s promise in truth. He is the Almighty, the All-Wise.
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10
He created the heavens without pillars that you can see, and He placed firm mountains on the earth so that it would not sway with you, and He scattered upon it every kind of creature. And We sent down water from the sky and caused every noble kind [of plant] to grow there in pairs.
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11
Such is the creation of God. So show me what those others besides Him have created! The truth is that the wrongdoers are plainly astray.
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12
We gave Luqman wisdom: “Be grateful to God.” Whoever is grateful is grateful for his own good, and whoever is ungrateful — God is Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy.
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13
[Remember] when Luqman said to his son, while advising him, “My dear son, do not associate partners with God. Associating partners [with God] is indeed a tremendous wrong.”
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14
We have enjoined on man [care for] his parents — his mother carried him in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years — [saying,] “Be grateful to Me and to your parents. To Me is the final return.
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15
But if they strive to make you associate with Me something of which you have no knowledge, do not obey them; yet keep company with them in this world with kindness, and follow the way of those who turn to Me. Then to Me is your return, and I will inform you of what you used to do.”
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16
“My dear son, even if [a deed] should be the weight of a mustard seed, and be within a rock, or in the heavens, or in the earth, God will bring it forth. God is Subtle, All-Aware.
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17
My dear son, keep up the prayer, enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong, and bear patiently whatever befalls you. That is truly among the matters requiring resolve.
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18
Do not turn your cheek away from people [in scorn], and do not walk on the earth arrogantly. God does not love anyone who is conceited and boastful.
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19
Be moderate in your pace and lower your voice. The most hateful of voices is surely the braying of donkeys.”
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20
Do you not see that God has made subservient to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth, and has lavished His blessings upon you, both outward and inward? Yet among people there is one who disputes about God without knowledge, without guidance, and without an enlightening Book.
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21
When they are told, “Follow what God has sent down,” they say, “No, we will follow what we found our fathers doing.” What, even if Satan is calling them to the punishment of the Blaze?
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22
Whoever submits his face to God while doing good has grasped the firmest handhold. To God is the outcome of all matters.
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23
And whoever disbelieves, let not his disbelief grieve you. To Us is their return, and We will inform them of what they did. God knows well what is in the hearts.
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24
We let them enjoy themselves a little; then We will drive them to a harsh punishment.
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25
Should you ask them who created the heavens and the earth, they would certainly answer, “God.” Say, “All praise is God's.” Yet most of them lack knowledge.
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26
To God belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth. God is the Self-Sufficient, the Praiseworthy.
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27
If all the trees on earth were pens, and the sea [were ink], with seven more seas added to it, the words of God would not be exhausted. God is Almighty, All-Wise.
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28
Your creation and your resurrection are only like [that of] a single soul. God is All-Hearing, All-Seeing.
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29
Do you not see that God merges the night into the day and merges the day into the night, and has made the sun and the moon subservient, each running for a fixed term, and that God is fully aware of what you do?
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30
That is because God is the Truth, and what they call upon besides Him is falsehood, and because God is the Most High, the Most Great.
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31
Do you not see that ships sail on the sea by God’s grace, so that He may show you some of His signs? In that are surely signs for everyone who is patient and grateful.
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32
When waves like canopies cover them, they call upon God, devoting their faith to Him alone. But when He brings them safely to land, some of them keep to a middle course. None reject Our signs except every treacherous, ungrateful one.
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33
People, be mindful of your Lord and fear a day when no father will be of any avail to his child, nor will a child be of any avail to his father. God’s promise is true, so do not let the life of this world deceive you, and do not let the Deceiver deceive you about God.
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34
With God alone is the knowledge of the Hour. He sends down the rain, and He knows what is in the wombs. No soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul knows in what land it will die. God is All-Knowing, All-Aware.