Al-Hujurat 49
The Private Rooms発音表記の見方
الرَّحْمَٰنِ르r라흐마니 بِسْمِ비스밀
- 太字 = 単語の強勢がある音節。少し強く。
- 上線 = 長母音(マッド)。2拍ほど伸ばす。朗誦でいちばん大切な長さ。
- 小さい字 = アラビア語に母音がない所。子音だけを短く。
- 小さなラテン文字 = 韓国語にない音。次の音節に付く。f 上の歯で下唇に触れる · θ/ð 舌先を歯の間に · r 舌先を震わせる(ㄹ だけなら l)。
発音表記の見方
beginning the Christ salvation
- 太く大きい字(ˈ) = 強く、少し長く。単語でいちばん強い音節。
- 薄い字 = 弱く・短く(あいまい母音)。全部の音節を同じ強さで読まないこと。
- 小さい 으・트・스 = ほとんど発音しない。英語にない母音なので、子音だけで止める。
- 単語全体が薄い(the・of・and・to…) = 文の中では弱く速く。名詞・動詞など内容語を強く。
- 小さい f v θ ð r = 韓国語にない音。f 上の歯を下唇に当てる、v 同じ形で声を出す、θ・ð 舌先を歯の間に、r 舌を丸めてどこにも触れない。
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この章について
The surah opens with etiquette toward the Prophet: believers should not put themselves forward before God and His Messenger, raise their voices above his, or call out to him from outside the private rooms. It then instructs them to verify news brought by a wicked person, so as not to harm others out of ignorance. If two groups of believers fight, others must make peace between them with justice, for the believers are brothers. It forbids ridiculing one another, finding fault, using offensive nicknames, excessive suspicion, spying and backbiting, comparing backbiting to eating the flesh of a dead brother. Humanity is reminded that it was created from a male and a female and made into nations and tribes so that people may know one another, and that the most noble in God's sight is the most mindful of Him. Finally, it distinguishes saying “we have submitted” from faith that has entered the heart.
- Manners toward the Prophet
- Verifying reports
- Reconciliation among believers
- Against mockery and backbiting
- Nations and tribes
名前の由来 It is named after the private rooms mentioned in verse 4, from outside of which some people called out to the Prophet.
(紹介文は英語です)
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1
O you who believe, do not put [yourselves] forward before God and His Messenger, and be mindful of God. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
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2
O you who believe, do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet, and do not speak loudly to him as you speak loudly to one another, lest your deeds come to nothing while you do not perceive.
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3
Those who lower their voices in the presence of the Messenger of God, they are the ones whose hearts God has tested for mindfulness of Him. They will have forgiveness and a great reward.
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4
Those who call out to you from behind the private chambers, most of them do not understand.
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5
If they had been patient until you came out to them, it would have been better for them. And God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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6
O you who believe, if a wicked person brings you news, verify it, lest you harm a people out of ignorance and then become regretful over what you have done.
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7
And know that among you is the Messenger of God. If he were to obey you in much of the matter, you would surely suffer hardship. But God has made faith dear to you and made it beautiful in your hearts, and has made disbelief, wickedness and disobedience hateful to you. Those are the rightly guided,
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8
as a bounty from God and a favor. And God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
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9
And if two groups of the believers fight each other, make peace between them. But if one of them transgresses against the other, fight the one that transgresses until it returns to the command of God. And if it returns, make peace between them with justice, and be fair. God loves those who are fair.
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10
The believers are but brothers, so make peace between your brothers, and be mindful of God so that you may receive mercy.
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11
O you who believe, let not some men ridicule others; perhaps they may be better than them. Nor let some women [ridicule] other women; perhaps they may be better than them. And do not find fault with one another, and do not call one another by [offensive] nicknames. How evil is the name of wickedness after faith! And whoever does not repent, it is they who are the wrongdoers.
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12
O you who believe, avoid much suspicion, for some suspicion is a sin. And do not spy, and do not backbite one another. Would any of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? You would hate it. And be mindful of God; God is Ever-Relenting, Most Merciful.
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13
O mankind, We created you from a male and a female, and made you nations and tribes so that you may know one another. The most noble of you in the sight of God is the most mindful of Him. God is All-Knowing, All-Aware.
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14
The desert Arabs say, "We believe." Say, "You have not [yet] believed; but say, 'We have submitted,' for faith has not yet entered your hearts. But if you obey God and His Messenger, He will not diminish anything of your deeds. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful."
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15
The believers are only those who believe in God and His Messenger and then do not doubt, and strive with their wealth and their lives in the way of God. It is they who are the truthful.
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16
Say, "Would you inform God of your religion, when God knows whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth? And God has full knowledge of all things."
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17
They consider it a favor to you that they have accepted Islam. Say, "Do not consider your Islam a favor to me. Rather, God has conferred a favor upon you in that He has guided you to faith, if you are truthful."
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18
Whatever is hidden in the heavens and the earth is known to God, and God sees all that you do.