Al-Anfal 8
The Spoils of War读音标注说明
الرَّحْمَٰنِ르r라흐마니 بِسْمِ비스밀
- 粗体= 单词的重音音节,读得稍重。
- 上划线= 长元音(麦德),拖长约两拍。诵读中最重要的长度。
- 小字= 阿拉伯语这里没有元音,只发辅音,短促。
- 小拉丁字母= 韩语里没有的音,标在后面的音节上。f 上齿碰下唇 · θ/ð 舌尖放在齿间 · r 舌尖颤动(只有“ㄹ”时是 l)。
读音标注说明
beginning the Christ salvation
- 粗大字(ˈ)= 重读、稍长。单词里最重的音节。
- 浅色字= 弱读、短读(含糊元音)。不要每个音节一样重。
- 小号的 “으·트·스”= 几乎不发音。英语里没有这个元音,只发辅音。
- 整个词都浅(the、of、and、to…)= 句中轻读、快读,重读名词、动词等实词。
- 小号的 f v θ ð r= 韩语里没有的音。f 上齿轻触下唇,v 同样位置并发声,θ/ð 舌尖放在上下齿之间,r 舌头卷起、不碰任何地方。
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章
关于本章
Classed as a Medinan sura, it opens with a question about the spoils of war, answered by saying they belong to God and the Messenger, and describes true believers as those whose hearts tremble when God is mentioned. It then looks back on the day the two forces met, recalling the angels sent as reinforcement, the rain and the calm that came over the believers, and how each side was made to appear few to the other, stressing that victory came from God. It mentions the plot to imprison, kill or expel the Messenger, and pictures Satan urging the enemy on and then abandoning them. A ruling divides one fifth of the spoils. Believers are told to stand firm, avoid quarrelling, prepare their strength, and accept peace if the other side inclines to it. It closes with rulings on captives and on the bond between those who emigrated and those who sheltered them.
- Division of the spoils
- Marks of true believers
- Victory from God
- Inclining to peace
- Emigrants and their helpers
章名由来 It takes its name from the first verse, where people ask about the spoils of war.
(简介为英文)
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1
They ask you about the spoils of war. Say, “The spoils belong to God and the Messenger.” So be mindful of God, set things right among yourselves, and obey God and His Messenger, if you are believers.
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2
The believers are only those whose hearts tremble when God is mentioned, and when His verses are recited to them, it increases them in faith, and they put their trust in their Lord—
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those who keep up the prayer and spend from what We have provided them.
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It is they who are the believers in truth. They will have ranks with their Lord, forgiveness, and generous provision.
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Just as your Lord brought you out of your home for the truth, while a group of the believers were averse,
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they argued with you about the truth after it had become clear, as if they were being driven toward death while they looked on.
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And [remember] when God promised you that one of the two parties would be yours, and you wished that the unarmed one would be yours. But God intended to establish the truth by His words and to cut off the last remnant of the disbelievers,
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so that He might establish the truth and bring falsehood to nothing, even though the criminals dislike it.
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[Remember] when you called on your Lord for help, and He answered you, “I will reinforce you with a thousand of the angels, following one after another.”
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God made it only as good news, and so that your hearts would be reassured by it. Victory comes only from God. God is Almighty, All-Wise.
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[Remember] when He covered you with drowsiness as reassurance from Him, and sent down water upon you from the sky to purify you by it, to remove from you the defilement of Satan, to strengthen your hearts, and to make your feet firm by it.
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[Remember] when your Lord revealed to the angels, “I am with you, so make firm those who believe. I will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve. So strike above the necks, and strike every fingertip of theirs.”
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13
That is because they opposed God and His Messenger. Whoever opposes God and His Messenger—God is severe in retribution.
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“That [is for you], so taste it.” And for the disbelievers there is the punishment of the Fire.
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15
O you who believe, when you meet those who disbelieve advancing [in battle], do not turn your backs to them.
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Whoever turns his back to them on that day—unless maneuvering for battle or withdrawing to join another company—has incurred wrath from God, and his refuge is Hell. What an evil destination!
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You did not kill them, but God killed them. And you did not throw when you threw, but God threw, so that He might test the believers with a good test from Himself. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
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That [is so], and God weakens the plotting of the disbelievers.
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If you [disbelievers] were seeking a decision, the decision has come to you. If you desist, it is better for you; but if you return, We will return, and your forces will be of no use to you at all, however numerous. And God is with the believers.
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You who believe, obey God and His Messenger, and do not turn your backs on him when you are hearing [him].
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Do not be like those who said, “We have heard,” yet they do not listen.
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The worst of creatures in the sight of God are the deaf and dumb who do not use reason.
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Had God known any good in them, He would have made them hear. And even if He had made them hear, they would have turned away, averse.
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O you who believe, respond to God and the Messenger when he calls you to what gives you life. And know that God comes between a person and his heart, and that to Him you will be gathered.
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And beware of a trial that will not strike only the wrongdoers among you. And know that God is severe in retribution.
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And remember when you were few, held weak in the land, fearing that people would snatch you away; then He sheltered you, strengthened you with His help, and provided you with good things, so that you might be grateful.
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O you who believe, do not betray God and the Messenger, nor knowingly betray the trusts placed in you.
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And know that your wealth and your children are only a trial, and that with God is a great reward.
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O you who believe, if you are mindful of God, He will give you a criterion [between right and wrong], remove your misdeeds from you, and forgive you. God is the possessor of great bounty.
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And [remember] when those who disbelieved plotted against you, to imprison you, kill you, or drive you out. They plot, and God plots, and God is the best of planners.
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When Our verses are recited to them, they say, “We have heard. If we wished, we could say the like of this. This is nothing but tales of the ancients.”
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And [remember] when they said, “O God, if this is indeed the truth from You, then rain down stones upon us from the sky, or bring us a painful punishment.”
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But God would not punish them while you were among them, nor would God punish them while they seek forgiveness.
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But why should God not punish them, when they bar [people] from the Sacred Mosque, though they are not its guardians? Its guardians are none but the God-fearing, but most of them do not know.
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Their prayer at the House was nothing but whistling and clapping. So taste the punishment for your disbelief.
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Those who disbelieve spend their wealth to turn [people] away from the path of God. They will spend it, then it will become a source of regret for them, then they will be overcome. And those who disbelieve will be gathered to Hell,
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so that God may separate the foul from the good, and place the foul one upon another, heap them all together, and put them into Hell. It is they who are the losers.
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Say to those who disbelieve that if they desist, what is past will be forgiven them; but if they return [to it], the way of the former peoples has already gone before [as a warning].
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Fight them until there is no more persecution and all religion is for God. But if they desist, God sees well what they do.
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And if they turn away, know that God is your Protector—an excellent Protector and an excellent Helper.
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And know that of whatever spoils you take, one fifth belongs to God and the Messenger, to near relatives, orphans, the needy, and the traveler—if you believe in God and in what We sent down to Our servant on the Day of the Criterion, the day the two forces met. God has power over all things.
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42
[Remember] when you were on the near side of the valley and they were on the far side, and the caravan was below you. Had you made an appointment [to meet], you would have failed to keep it. But [it happened] so that God might accomplish a matter that was to be done—so that whoever perished would perish after a clear proof, and whoever lived would live after a clear proof. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
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[Remember] when God showed them to you in your dream as few. Had He shown them to you as many, you would have lost heart and disputed about the matter. But God saved [you]. He knows well what is in the hearts.
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And [remember] when He showed them to you as few in your eyes when you met, and made you appear few in their eyes, so that God might accomplish a matter that was to be done. And to God all matters are returned.
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O you who believe, when you meet a force, stand firm and remember God much, so that you may succeed.
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And obey God and His Messenger, and do not dispute with one another, lest you lose heart and your strength depart. And be patient; God is with the patient.
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Do not be like those who left their homes boastfully and to be seen by people, and who turn [others] away from the path of God. God encompasses all that they do.
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And [remember] when Satan made their deeds seem fair to them and said, “No one among people can overcome you today, and I am your protector.” But when the two forces came within sight of each other, he turned on his heels and said, “I am free of you. I see what you do not see. I fear God, and God is severe in retribution.”
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[Remember] when the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a sickness said, “Their religion has deluded these people.” But whoever puts his trust in God—God is Almighty, All-Wise.
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If only you could see when the angels take the souls of those who disbelieve, striking their faces and their backs, [saying], “Taste the punishment of the burning Fire.
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That is for what your hands have sent ahead, and because God is never unjust to His servants.”
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[Their way is] like the way of the people of Pharaoh and those before them: they disbelieved in the signs of God, so God seized them for their sins. God is Strong, severe in retribution.
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That is because God would never change a favor He has bestowed on a people until they change what is within themselves, and because God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
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[Their way is] like the way of the people of Pharaoh and those before them: they denied the signs of their Lord, so We destroyed them for their sins and drowned the people of Pharaoh. All of them were wrongdoers.
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In God's sight, the vilest of living creatures are those who disbelieve; they will not come to faith—
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those with whom you made a covenant, but who break their covenant every time, and are not mindful of God.
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So if you meet them in war, make of them a lesson to scatter those behind them, so that they may take heed.
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And if you fear treachery from a people, throw [their treaty] back to them on equal terms. God does not love the treacherous.
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Let those who disbelieve not think they have escaped. They cannot frustrate [God].
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Prepare against them whatever strength you can, including tethered horses, by which you may strike fear into the enemy of God and your enemy, and others besides them whom you do not know but God knows. Whatever you spend in the path of God will be repaid to you in full, and you will not be wronged.
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But if they incline to peace, then incline to it [as well], and put your trust in God. He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.
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Should they mean to deceive you, God is enough for you. He is the One who backed you with His support and with the believers,
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and brought their hearts together. Had you spent all that is on the earth, you could not have brought their hearts together, but God brought them together. He is Almighty, All-Wise.
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O Prophet, God is sufficient for you, and for those of the believers who follow you.
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O Prophet, urge the believers to fight. If there are twenty of you who are patient, they will overcome two hundred; and if there are a hundred of you, they will overcome a thousand of those who disbelieve, because they are a people who do not understand.
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Now God has lightened [the burden] for you, for He knows that there is weakness in you. So if there are a hundred of you who are patient, they will overcome two hundred; and if there are a thousand of you, they will overcome two thousand by the permission of God. And God is with the patient.
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It is not for a prophet to hold captives until he has thoroughly subdued [the enemy] in the land. You desire the passing goods of this world, but God desires the Hereafter. God is Almighty, All-Wise.
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Had it not been for a decree from God that had gone before, a great punishment would have touched you for what you took.
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So consume what you have taken as spoils, lawful and good, and be mindful of God. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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O Prophet, say to the captives in your hands, “If God knows any good in your hearts, He will give you better than what was taken from you, and He will forgive you. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
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But if they intend to betray you, they have already betrayed God before, and so He gave [you] power over them. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
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Those who believed, emigrated, and strove with their wealth and their lives in the path of God, and those who gave [them] shelter and help—they are allies of one another. As for those who believed but did not emigrate, you owe them no alliance until they emigrate. But if they seek your help in [matters of] religion, you must help them, except against a people with whom you have a treaty. God sees well what you do.
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And those who disbelieve are allies of one another. If you do not do this, there will be persecution in the land and great corruption.
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Those who believed, emigrated, and strove in the path of God, and those who gave [them] shelter and help—they are the believers in truth. They will have forgiveness and generous provision.
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And those who believed afterward, emigrated, and strove alongside you—they are of you. But blood relatives are closer to one another in the decree of God. God knows all things.