🤲 Prayer and Worship
The word our translation renders as “prayer” in commands such as “keep up the prayer” is salah, the ritual prayer offered at set times, and this command recurs across many chapters of the Quran. The Quran calls prayer a duty prescribed for the believers at fixed times, and it mentions the two ends of the day, hours of the night, the recitation at dawn and the call to prayer on Friday.
The Quran gives as much weight to the heart of prayer as to its times. Prayer is kept up in order to remember God; the believers who succeed are those who are humble in their prayer; and prayer, the Quran says, restrains from indecency and wrongdoing.
Alongside the set prayer there is calling on God (dua), which is not bound to any time or form. The Quran says that God is near and answers the caller when he calls, and it urges people to call on their Lord humbly and in secret. It also says that in the remembrance of God hearts find rest. The verses below follow these themes.
(紹介文は英語です)
The Prescribed Prayer (Salah)
- 2:43
Keep up the prayer, give the alms, and bow with those who bow.
وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَارْكَعُوا مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ
와아끼뭇 살라타 와아툿 자카타 와r르카우 마아 르r라키인
Keep up the prayer, give the alms, and bow down with those who bow down.
- 2:238
Guard the prayers, especially the middle prayer, and stand devoutly before God.
حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَىٰ وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ
하f피ð두 알랏 살라와티 왓살라틸 우스따 와꾸무 릴라히 까니틴
Guard the prayers, and the middle prayer, and stand before God in devout obedience.
- 4:103
Prayer is a duty at fixed times; remember God after finishing it.
فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِكُمْ ۚ فَإِذَا اطْمَأْنَنْتُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ ۚ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَوْقُوتًا
f파이ð다 까다이투뭇 살라타 f파ð드쿠r룰 라하 끼야만 와꾸우단 와알라 주누비쿰 f파이ð다 뜨마으난툼 f파아끼뭇 살라타 인낫 살라타 카나트 알랄 무으미니나 키타밤 마우꾸타
When you have finished the prayer, remember God standing, sitting and lying on your sides. When you are secure again, establish the prayer [in full]. The prayer is a duty prescribed for the believers at fixed times.
- 11:114
Pray at both ends of the day and part of the night; good deeds remove bad.
وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ طَرَفَيِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ۚ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ ذِكْرَىٰ لِلذَّاكِرِينَ
와아끼밋 살라타 따r라f파인 나하r리 와줄라f팜 미날 라일리 인날 하사나티 유ð드히브낫 사이아티 ð달리카 ð디크r라 릿ð다키r린
Keep up the prayer at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night. Good deeds remove bad deeds. That is a reminder for those who remember.
- 17:78-79
Pray from the sun’s decline into night, recite at dawn, and keep night vigil.
أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَىٰ غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ ۖ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُودًا
아끼밋 살라타 리둘루킷 샴시 일라 가사낄 라일리 와꾸r르아날 f파즈r리 인나 꾸r르아날 f파즈r리 카나 마시후다
Keep up the prayer from the decline of the sun until the darkness of the night, and [the recitation of] the Quran at dawn. The dawn recitation is ever witnessed.
وَمِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَتَهَجَّدْ بِهِ نَافِلَةً لَكَ عَسَىٰ أَنْ يَبْعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقَامًا مَحْمُودًا
와미날 라일리 f파타핫자드 비히 나f필라탈 라카 아사 안 야브아θ사카 r랍부카 마까맘 마흐무다
And in part of the night, keep vigil with it as an extra [devotion] for you. Perhaps your Lord will raise you to a praiseworthy station.
- 62:9-10
At Friday’s call leave trading; after prayer, disperse and seek God’s bounty.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَذَرُوا الْبَيْعَ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
야 아이유할 라ð디나 아마누 이ð다 누디야 릿살라티 민 야우밀 주무아티 f파스아우 일라 ð디크r릴 라히 와ð다r룰 바이아 ð달리쿰 카이r룰 라쿰 인 쿤툼 타을라문
O you who believe, when the call is made for the prayer on Friday, hasten to the remembrance of God and leave off trading. That is better for you, if you only knew.
فَإِذَا قُضِيَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَانْتَشِرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَابْتَغُوا مِنْ فَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ كَثِيرًا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ
f파이ð다 꾸디야팃 살라투 f판타시r루 f필 아r르디 와브타구 민 f파들릴 라히 와ð드쿠r룰 라하 카θ시r랄 라알라쿰 투f플리훈
Then when the prayer is concluded, disperse in the land and seek of the bounty of God, and remember God often so that you may succeed.
The Heart of Prayer
- 20:14
God tells Moses to worship Him and keep up the prayer to remember Him.
إِنَّنِي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدْنِي وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي
인나니 아날 라후 라 일라하 일라 아나 f파으부드니 와아끼밋 살라타 리ð디크r리
I am God; there is no god but Me. So worship Me, and keep up the prayer to remember Me.
- 23:1-2
The successful believers are those who are humble in their prayer.
قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ
까드 아f플라할 무으미눈
The believers have certainly succeeded:
الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ
알라ð디나 훔 f피 살라티힘 카시운
those who are humble in their prayer,
- 29:45
Prayer restrains from indecency and wrongdoing; remembering God is greater still.
اتْلُ مَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ ۖ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ تَنْهَىٰ عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَالْمُنْكَرِ ۗ وَلَذِكْرُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَصْنَعُونَ
우틀루 마 우히야 일라이카 미날 키타비 와아끼밋 살라타 인낫 살라타 탄하 아닐 f파흐샤이 왈문카r리 왈라ð디크r룰 라히 악바r루 왈라후 야을라무 마 타스나운
Recite what has been revealed to you of the Book, and keep up the prayer. Prayer restrains from indecency and wrongdoing. And the remembrance of God is greater still. God knows what you do.
Calling on God (Dua)
- 1:5
A declaration: You alone we serve, and You alone we ask for help.
إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ
이야카 나으부두 와이야카 나스타인
It is You we serve, and it is You we turn to for help.
- 2:186
God is near and answers the caller when he calls upon Him.
وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ ۖ أُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الدَّاعِ إِذَا دَعَانِ ۖ فَلْيَسْتَجِيبُوا لِي وَلْيُؤْمِنُوا بِي لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْشُدُونَ
와이ð다 사알라카 이바디 안니 f파인니 까r리분 우지부 다으와탓 다이 이ð다 다아니 f팔야스타지부 리 왈유으미누 비 라알라훔 야r르슈둔
When My servants ask you about Me—I am near. I answer the call of the caller when he calls upon Me. So let them respond to Me and believe in Me, so that they may be rightly guided.
- 40:60
Your Lord says: call upon Me, and I will respond to you.
وَقَالَ رَبُّكُمُ ادْعُونِي أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ ۚ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِي سَيَدْخُلُونَ جَهَنَّمَ دَاخِرِينَ
와깔라 r랍부쿠무 드우니 아스타지브 라쿰 인날 라ð디나 야스탁비r루나 안 이바다티 사야드쿨루나 자한나마 다키r린
Your Lord has said, "Call upon Me; I will respond to you. Those who are too arrogant to worship Me will enter Hell, humbled."
- 7:55
Call on your Lord humbly and in secret.
ادْعُوا رَبَّكُمْ تَضَرُّعًا وَخُفْيَةً ۚ إِنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُعْتَدِينَ
우드우 r랍바쿰 타다르r루안 와쿠f프야탄 인나후 라 유힙불 무으타딘
Call on your Lord humbly and in secret. He does not love transgressors.
- 14:40
Abraham asks that he and his offspring keep up the prayer.
رَبِّ اجْعَلْنِي مُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةِ وَمِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي ۚ رَبَّنَا وَتَقَبَّلْ دُعَاءِ
r랍비 즈알니 무끼맛 살라티 와민 ð두르r리야티 r랍바나 와타깝발 두아
My Lord, make me one who keeps up the prayer, and [also] from my offspring. Our Lord, accept my prayer.
Remembering God
- 13:28
In the remembrance of God, hearts find rest.
الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَتَطْمَئِنُّ قُلُوبُهُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ ۗ أَلَا بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ تَطْمَئِنُّ الْقُلُوبُ
알라ð디나 아마누 와타뜨마인누 꿀루부훔 비ð디크r릴 라히 알라 비ð디크r릴 라히 타뜨마인눌 꿀루브
those who believe and whose hearts find rest in the remembrance of God. Truly, in the remembrance of God do hearts find rest."
- 3:191
Those who remember God standing, sitting and lying down, and reflect on creation.
الَّذِينَ يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِهِمْ وَيَتَفَكَّرُونَ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ رَبَّنَا مَا خَلَقْتَ هَٰذَا بَاطِلًا سُبْحَانَكَ فَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ
알라ð디나 야ð드쿠r루날 라하 끼야만 와꾸우단 와알라 주누비힘 와야타f팍카r루나 f피 칼낏 사마와티 왈아r르디 r랍바나 마 칼락타 하ð다 바띨란 수브하나카 f파끼나 아ð다반 나r르
those who remember God while standing, sitting, and lying on their sides, and who ponder the creation of the heavens and the earth: “Our Lord, You did not create all this without purpose. Glory be to You! So shield us from the punishment of the Fire.