Al-Mumtahanah 60
The Woman Examined発音表記の見方
الرَّحْمَٰنِ르r라흐마니 بِسْمِ비스밀
- 太字 = 単語の強勢がある音節。少し強く。
- 上線 = 長母音(マッド)。2拍ほど伸ばす。朗誦でいちばん大切な長さ。
- 小さい字 = アラビア語に母音がない所。子音だけを短く。
- 小さなラテン文字 = 韓国語にない音。次の音節に付く。f 上の歯で下唇に触れる · θ/ð 舌先を歯の間に · r 舌先を震わせる(ㄹ だけなら l)。
発音表記の見方
beginning the Christ salvation
- 太く大きい字(ˈ) = 強く、少し長く。単語でいちばん強い音節。
- 薄い字 = 弱く・短く(あいまい母音)。全部の音節を同じ強さで読まないこと。
- 小さい 으・트・스 = ほとんど発音しない。英語にない母音なので、子音だけで止める。
- 単語全体が薄い(the・of・and・to…) = 文の中では弱く速く。名詞・動詞など内容語を強く。
- 小さい f v θ ð r = 韓国語にない音。f 上の歯を下唇に当てる、v 同じ形で声を出す、θ・ð 舌先を歯の間に、r 舌を丸めてどこにも触れない。
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この章について
Classified as revealed in the Medinan period, this surah opens with a warning not to secretly befriend God's enemies who drove out the Messenger and the believers, noting that blood ties and children will be of no help on the Day of Resurrection. It then holds up Abraham and those with him, who broke with their idol-worshipping people, as an example, and quotes their prayer. At the same time it draws a distinction: God does not forbid kindness and justice toward those who have not fought the believers over religion or driven them from their homes. The later verses deal with believing women who emigrate, instructing that they be examined and not returned to the disbelievers, and settling questions of dowries. Finally the Prophet is told to accept the pledge of believing women on a list of stated conditions.
- No alliance with enemies
- Abraham as an example
- Justice toward the peaceable
- Emigrant believing women
- The women's pledge
名前の由来 The name refers to verse 10, which instructs the believers to examine the believing women who come to them as emigrants.
(紹介文は英語です)
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1
O you who believe, do not take My enemy and your enemy as allies, offering them affection, while they have disbelieved in the truth that has come to you. They drive out the Messenger and you [from Mecca] because you believe in God, your Lord. If you have gone forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, [do not take them as allies]. You confide affection to them in secret, but I know best what you conceal and what you reveal. And whoever of you does that has strayed from the right path.
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2
If they gain the upper hand over you, they will be enemies to you and stretch out their hands and their tongues against you with evil, and they wish that you would disbelieve.
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3
Your blood ties and your children will be of no help to you. On the Day of Resurrection He will decide between you, and God observes what you do.
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4
There has already been for you an excellent example in Abraham and those with him, when they said to their people, "We are free of you and of whatever you worship besides God. We reject you, and there has arisen between us and you enmity and hatred forever until you believe in God alone" — except for Abraham's saying to his father, "I will surely ask forgiveness for you, though I have no power to [do] anything for you against God." "Our Lord, in You we put our trust, and to You we turn, and to You is the final return.
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5
Our Lord, do not make us a trial for those who disbelieve, and forgive us, our Lord. Indeed You are the Almighty, the All-Wise."
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6
There has certainly been for you in them an excellent example — for whoever hopes in God and the Last Day. And whoever turns away — indeed God is the Self-Sufficient, the Praiseworthy.
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7
Perhaps God will place affection between you and those of them with whom you are at enmity. And God is All-Powerful, and God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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8
God does not forbid you from those who have not fought you because of religion and have not driven you out of your homes — from being kind to them and acting justly toward them. Indeed God loves those who act justly.
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9
God only forbids you from those who fought you because of religion, drove you out of your homes, and supported [others] in driving you out — from taking them as allies. And whoever takes them as allies — they are the wrongdoers.
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10
O you who believe, when believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them. God knows best about their faith. If you ascertain that they are believers, do not send them back to the disbelievers. They are not lawful for them, nor are they lawful for them. And give [their former husbands] what they have spent. And there is no blame on you if you marry them when you have given them their dowries. And do not hold on to marriage ties with disbelieving women, and ask for [the return of] what you have spent, and let them ask for what they have spent. That is the judgement of God; He judges between you. And God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
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11
And if any of your wives go over to the disbelievers and then you have your turn [of gain], give those whose wives have gone the equivalent of what they spent. And be mindful of God, in whom you are believers.
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12
O Prophet, when believing women come to you pledging allegiance to you that they will not associate anything with God, nor steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor bring a slander they have fabricated between their hands and their feet, nor disobey you in what is right, then accept their pledge and ask God's forgiveness for them. Indeed God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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13
O you who believe, do not take as allies a people with whom God is angry. They have despaired of the Hereafter, just as the disbelievers have despaired of those in the graves.