Hud 11
Hud発音表記の見方
الرَّحْمَٰنِ르r라흐마니 بِسْمِ비스밀
- 太字 = 単語の強勢がある音節。少し強く。
- 上線 = 長母音(マッド)。2拍ほど伸ばす。朗誦でいちばん大切な長さ。
- 小さい字 = アラビア語に母音がない所。子音だけを短く。
- 小さなラテン文字 = 韓国語にない音。次の音節に付く。f 上の歯で下唇に触れる · θ/ð 舌先を歯の間に · r 舌先を震わせる(ㄹ だけなら l)。
発音表記の見方
beginning the Christ salvation
- 太く大きい字(ˈ) = 強く、少し長く。単語でいちばん強い音節。
- 薄い字 = 弱く・短く(あいまい母音)。全部の音節を同じ強さで読まないこと。
- 小さい 으・트・스 = ほとんど発音しない。英語にない母音なので、子音だけで止める。
- 単語全体が薄い(the・of・and・to…) = 文の中では弱く速く。名詞・動詞など内容語を強く。
- 小さい f v θ ð r = 韓国語にない音。f 上の歯を下唇に当てる、v 同じ形で声を出す、θ・ð 舌先を歯の間に、r 舌を丸めてどこにも触れない。
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この章について
Classed as a Meccan sura, it opens by describing a Book whose verses are made firm and then explained in detail, calling people to worship none but God and to seek His forgiveness. It says that the provision of every creature on earth rests with God, and challenges those who call the Quran invented to bring ten suras like it. Most of the sura is a series of prophets' stories. Noah builds the ship and loses his son in the flood; Hud warns the people of 'Ad; Salih warns Thamud about God's she-camel; messengers bring Abraham news of Isaac before going on to Lot, whose town is overturned; Shu'ayb urges Midian to give full measure and weight; and Moses is sent to Pharaoh. Each story ends with the believers saved and the deniers destroyed. The closing verses tell the Prophet to stand firm as commanded, keep up the prayer and be patient.
- A Book made firm
- Noah and the flood
- Hud and the 'Ad
- Lessons of destroyed towns
- Standing firm and patience
名前の由来 It is named after the prophet Hud, whose mission to the people of 'Ad is told in verses 50–60.
(紹介文は英語です)
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Alif Lam Ra. [This is] a Book whose verses have been made firm, then set out in detail, from One who is All-Wise, All-Aware,
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[teaching] that you should worship none but God. I am to you from Him a warner and a bearer of good news,
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and that you should seek forgiveness from your Lord and then turn to Him in repentance. He will grant you good enjoyment until an appointed term and give His bounty to everyone who has merit. But if you turn away, I fear for you the punishment of a great Day.
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To God is your return, and He has power over all things.
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Truly, they fold up their chests to hide from Him. Truly, even when they cover themselves with their garments, He knows what they conceal and what they reveal. He knows well what is in the hearts.
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There is no creature on the earth but its provision rests with God, and He knows its resting place and its place of deposit. All is in a clear Record.
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It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days—and His Throne was upon the water—so that He might test you [to see] which of you is best in deeds. Yet if you say, “You will be raised up after death,” those who disbelieve will surely say, “This is nothing but clear sorcery.”
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And if We delay the punishment for them until a counted time, they will surely say, “What is holding it back?” Truly, on the Day it comes to them, it will not be turned away from them, and what they used to mock will close in on them.
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If We let a human being taste mercy from Us and then withdraw it from him, he becomes despairing and ungrateful.
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But if We let him taste favor after hardship has touched him, he will surely say, “Bad times have left me,” and he becomes exultant and boastful—
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except those who are patient and do righteous deeds. They will have forgiveness and a great reward.
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Perhaps you might leave out some of what is revealed to you, and your heart might feel constrained by it, because they say, “Why has no treasure been sent down to him, or an angel come with him?” You are only a warner, and God is Guardian over all things.
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Or do they say, “He has invented it”? Say, “Then bring ten invented suras like it, and call on whomever you can besides God, if you are truthful.”
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So should they fail to respond to you, be certain that it was revealed only with God's knowledge, and that no god exists except Him. Are you, then, going to submit [as Muslims]?
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Whoever desires the life of this world and its adornment—We will repay them in full for their deeds in it, and they will not be shortchanged in it.
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They are the ones who will have nothing in the Hereafter but the Fire. What they made in it has come to nothing, and what they used to do is worthless.
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Is then one who stands on clear proof from his Lord, followed by a witness from Him, and before it was the Book of Moses as a guide and a mercy [like one who does not]? Those believe in it. But whoever of the factions disbelieves in it, the Fire is his appointed place. So do not be in doubt about it. It is the truth from your Lord, but most people do not believe.
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Who does greater wrong than one who invents a lie about God? They will be presented before their Lord, and the witnesses will say, “These are the ones who lied about their Lord.” Truly, the curse of God is upon the wrongdoers,
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who turn [people] away from the path of God and seek to make it crooked, and who disbelieve in the Hereafter.
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They could not escape [God] on the earth, and they had no protectors besides God. The punishment will be doubled for them. They could not bear to hear, and they did not see.
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They are the ones who have lost their own selves, and what they used to invent has abandoned them.
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Without doubt, in the Hereafter they will be the greatest losers.
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Those who believe, do righteous deeds, and humble themselves before their Lord—they are the companions of the Garden; they will remain in it forever.
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The likeness of the two groups is like the blind and the deaf, and the seeing and the hearing. Are they equal in comparison? Will you not take heed?
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We sent Noah to his people: “I am to you a clear warner,
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that you should worship none but God. I fear for you the punishment of a painful Day.”
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The disbelieving leaders of his people said, “We see you as nothing but a human being like us, and we see none following you but the lowest among us, without a second thought. We do not see that you have any merit over us; rather, we think you are liars.”
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He said, “O my people, have you considered: if I stand on clear proof from my Lord, and He has given me mercy from Himself, but it has been made obscure to you, should we force it upon you while you are averse to it?
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O my people, I do not ask you for any wealth for it. My reward is only from God. And I will not drive away those who believe; they will surely meet their Lord. But I see you are an ignorant people.
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O my people, who would help me against God if I drove them away? Will you not take heed?
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I do not say to you that I have the treasures of God, nor do I know the unseen, nor do I say that I am an angel. Nor do I say of those whom your eyes look down on that God will never give them any good. God knows best what is in their souls. [If I did,] I would then be among the wrongdoers.”
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They said, “O Noah, you have argued with us and argued with us at length. So bring us what you threaten us with, if you are truthful.”
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He said, “Only God will bring it upon you, if He wills, and you cannot escape it.
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My advice will not benefit you, even if I wish to advise you, if God intends to let you go astray. He is your Lord, and to Him you will be returned.”
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Or do they say, “He has invented it”? Say, “If I have invented it, then my crime is upon me, and I am free of the crimes you commit.”
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And it was revealed to Noah, “None of your people will believe except those who have already believed, so do not be distressed by what they have been doing.
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And build the ship under Our eyes and by Our revelation, and do not address Me concerning those who have done wrong; they will be drowned.”
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So he was building the ship, and whenever leaders of his people passed by him, they mocked him. He said, “If you mock us, we will mock you just as you mock.
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And you will come to know who will receive a punishment that will disgrace him, and on whom a lasting punishment will descend.”
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Then, when Our command came and the oven gushed forth, We said, “Load into it a pair of every kind, two, and your family—except those against whom the word has already gone forth—and those who have believed.” But only a few believed with him.
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And he said, “Board it. In the name of God be its sailing and its anchoring. My Lord is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
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And it sailed with them amid waves like mountains. Noah called out to his son, who had kept himself apart, “O my son, come aboard with us, and do not be with the disbelievers.”
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He said, “I will take refuge on a mountain that will protect me from the water.” [Noah] said, “There is no protector today from the command of God, except for one on whom He has mercy.” And the waves came between them, and he was among the drowned.
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And it was said, “O earth, swallow your water, and O sky, withhold [your rain].” The water subsided, the matter was concluded, and [the ship] came to rest on al-Judi. And it was said, “Away with the wrongdoing people!”
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Then Noah cried out to his Lord, saying, “My Lord, my son belongs to my family; Your promise is surely the truth, and of all who judge, You are the most just.”
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He said, “O Noah, he is not of your family; he is [one whose] conduct was not righteous. So do not ask Me about what you have no knowledge of. I admonish you lest you be among the ignorant.”
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He said, “My Lord, I seek refuge in You from asking You about what I have no knowledge of. Unless You forgive me and have mercy on me, I will be among the losers.”
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It was said, “O Noah, go down [from the ship] with peace from Us and blessings upon you and upon communities [to descend] from those with you. And [other] communities We will grant enjoyment, then a painful punishment from Us will touch them.”
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These are among the stories of the unseen, which We reveal to you. Neither you nor your people knew them before this. So be patient; the [good] end is for the God-fearing.
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And to Ad [We sent] their brother Hud. He said, “O my people, worship God; you have no god other than Him. You are nothing but inventors [of falsehood].
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O my people, I do not ask you for any reward for it. My reward is only from the One who created me. Will you not use reason?
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O my people, seek forgiveness from your Lord, then turn to Him in repentance. He will send the sky upon you in abundant rain and add strength to your strength. So do not turn away as criminals.”
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They said, “O Hud, you have not brought us any clear proof, and we will not abandon our gods on your word, nor will we believe in you.
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We only say that one of our gods has struck you with some harm.” He said, “I call God to witness, and you bear witness, that I am free of what you associate
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besides Him. So plot against me all together, then give me no respite.
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I have put my trust in God, my Lord and your Lord. There is no creature but He holds it by its forelock. My Lord is on a straight path.
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But if you turn away, I have already conveyed to you what I was sent to you with. My Lord will make another people succeed you, and you will not harm Him at all. My Lord is Guardian over all things.”
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When Our command came, We saved Hud and those who believed with him by mercy from Us, and We saved them from a harsh punishment.
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Such were Ad. They rejected the signs of their Lord, disobeyed His messengers, and followed the command of every stubborn tyrant.
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They were pursued by a curse in this world and on the Day of Resurrection. Truly, Ad disbelieved in their Lord. So away with Ad, the people of Hud!
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And to Thamud [We sent] their brother Salih. He said, “O my people, worship God; you have no god other than Him. He brought you forth from the earth and settled you in it. So seek His forgiveness, then turn to Him in repentance. My Lord is Near and Responsive.”
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They said, “O Salih, you were one in whom we placed our hopes before this. Do you forbid us to worship what our fathers worshipped? We are in disquieting doubt about what you call us to.”
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He said, “O my people, have you considered: if I stand on clear proof from my Lord, and He has given me mercy from Himself, who would help me against God if I disobeyed Him? You would add nothing to me but loss.
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O my people, this is the she-camel of God, a sign for you. So leave her to graze on God’s earth, and do not touch her with harm, or a punishment near at hand will seize you.”
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But they hamstrung her. So he said, “Enjoy yourselves in your homes for three days. That is a promise that will not be belied.”
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When Our command came, We saved Salih and those who believed with him by mercy from Us, and from the disgrace of that day. Your Lord is the Strong, the Almighty.
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And the blast seized those who had done wrong, and morning found them lying lifeless in their homes,
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as if they had never lived there. Truly, Thamud disbelieved in their Lord. So away with Thamud!
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Our messengers came to Abraham with good news. They said, “Peace.” He said, “Peace,” and without delay he brought a roasted calf.
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But when he saw that their hands did not reach for it, he found them strange and felt a fear of them. They said, “Do not fear; we have been sent to the people of Lot.”
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His wife was standing [there], and she laughed. Then We gave her good news of Isaac, and after Isaac, Jacob.
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She said, “Woe is me! Shall I bear a child when I am an old woman, and this husband of mine is an old man? That is truly a strange thing.”
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They said, “Do you wonder at the command of God? The mercy of God and His blessings be upon you, people of the house. He is Praiseworthy, Glorious.”
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When the fear had left Abraham and the good news had reached him, he began to plead with Us concerning the people of Lot.
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Abraham was forbearing, tender-hearted, and ever turning [to God].
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“O Abraham, turn away from this. The command of your Lord has come, and a punishment that cannot be turned back is coming to them.”
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When Our messengers came to Lot, he was distressed for them and felt powerless to protect them, and he said, “This is a hard day.”
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His people came rushing toward him—they had long been doing evil deeds. He said, “O my people, these are my daughters; they are purer for you. So be mindful of God, and do not disgrace me concerning my guests. Is there not among you a single right-minded man?”
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They replied, “Surely you are aware we have no right to your daughters, and you certainly know what it is we desire.”
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He said, “If only I had strength against you, or could take refuge in some strong support!”
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They said, “O Lot, we are messengers of your Lord. They will never reach you. So set out with your family during a part of the night, and let none of you look back—except your wife; what befalls them will befall her. Their appointed time is the morning. Is not the morning near?”
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When Our command came, We turned [the town] upside down and rained upon it stones of baked clay, layer upon layer,
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marked by your Lord. And they are never far from the wrongdoers.
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And to Midian [We sent] their brother Shuayb. He said, “O my people, worship God; you have no god other than Him. Do not give short measure or weight. I see you in prosperity, but I fear for you the punishment of an all-encompassing Day.
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O my people, give full measure and weight in justice, do not cheat people of their goods, and do not go about the earth spreading corruption.
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What remains with God is better for you, if you are believers. And I am not a keeper over you.”
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They said, “O Shuayb, does your prayer command you that we should abandon what our fathers worshipped, or that we should not do with our wealth as we please? You are indeed the forbearing, the right-minded!”
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He said, “O my people, have you considered: if I stand on clear proof from my Lord, and He has provided me with good provision from Himself [should I not convey it]? I do not wish to do, behind your backs, what I forbid you from. I only desire to set things right as far as I am able. My success comes only from God. In Him I have put my trust, and to Him I turn.
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O my people, do not let your opposition to me lead you to sin, so that there befalls you the like of what befell the people of Noah, or the people of Hud, or the people of Salih. And the people of Lot are not far from you.
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Seek forgiveness from your Lord, then turn to Him in repentance. My Lord is Most Merciful, Most Loving.”
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They said, “O Shuayb, we do not understand much of what you say, and we see you are weak among us. Were it not for your clan, we would have stoned you. You are not mighty against us.”
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He said, “O my people, is my clan mightier in your eyes than God, whom you have cast behind your backs? My Lord encompasses all that you do.
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O my people, do whatever you can; I too am acting. You will come to know who will receive a punishment that disgraces him, and who is a liar. So watch; I too am watching with you.”
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When Our command came, We saved Shuayb and those who believed with him by mercy from Us, and the blast seized those who had done wrong, and morning found them lying lifeless in their homes,
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as if they had never lived there. So away with Midian, just as Thamud was done away with!
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And We did send Moses, bearing Our signs and a manifest authority
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to Pharaoh and his leaders, but they followed the command of Pharaoh, and the command of Pharaoh was not right-guided.
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He will lead his people on the Day of Resurrection and bring them down to the Fire. What an evil place to be brought down to!
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They were pursued by a curse in this [world] and on the Day of Resurrection. What an evil gift to be given!
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That is from the stories of the towns which We relate to you. Some of them are still standing, and some are mown down.
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We did not wrong them, but they wronged themselves. Their gods, which they called on besides God, were of no use to them at all when the command of your Lord came; they added nothing to them but ruin.
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Such is the seizing of your Lord when He seizes the towns while they are doing wrong. His seizing is painful and severe.
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In that is a sign for whoever fears the punishment of the Hereafter. That is a Day for which mankind will be gathered, and that is a Day that will be witnessed.
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We do not delay it except for a counted term.
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On the Day it comes, no soul will speak except by His permission. Among them will be the wretched and the happy.
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As for those who are wretched, they will be in the Fire; for them in it is sighing and groaning,
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remaining in it as long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord wills. Your Lord does whatever He intends.
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And as for those who are happy, they will be in the Garden, remaining in it as long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord wills—a gift never to be cut off.
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So do not be in doubt about what these people worship. They worship only as their fathers worshipped before. And We will surely pay them their share in full, undiminished.
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We gave Moses the Book, but there were differences about it. Had it not been for a word that had already gone forth from your Lord, it would have been judged between them. And they are in disquieting doubt about it.
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And to each of them your Lord will surely repay their deeds in full. He is fully aware of what they do.
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So stand firm as you have been commanded, together with those who have turned [to God] with you, and do not transgress. He sees well what you do.
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And do not incline toward those who do wrong, lest the Fire touch you. You have no protectors besides God, and then you will not be helped.
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Keep up the prayer at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night. Good deeds remove bad deeds. That is a reminder for those who remember.
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And be patient, for God does not let the reward of those who do good go to waste.
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If only there had been among the generations before you people of virtue forbidding corruption on the earth—except a few of those We saved from among them. But those who did wrong pursued the luxury they were given, and they were criminals.
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Your Lord would never destroy the towns unjustly while their people were setting things right.
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Had your Lord willed, He would have made mankind one community, but they will not cease to differ—
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except those on whom your Lord has mercy—and for that He created them. And the word of your Lord has been fulfilled: “I will surely fill Hell with jinn and people all together.”
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All that We relate to you of the stories of the messengers is that by which We make your heart firm. And in this has come to you the truth, and an admonition and a reminder for the believers.
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And say to those who do not believe, “Do whatever you can; we too are acting.
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And wait; we too are waiting.”
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To God belongs the unseen of the heavens and the earth, and to Him the whole matter will be returned. So worship Him and put your trust in Him. Your Lord is not unaware of what you do.