An-Nur 24
The Light读音标注说明
الرَّحْمَٰنِ르r라흐마니 بِسْمِ비스밀
- 粗体= 单词的重音音节,读得稍重。
- 上划线= 长元音(麦德),拖长约两拍。诵读中最重要的长度。
- 小字= 阿拉伯语这里没有元音,只发辅音,短促。
- 小拉丁字母= 韩语里没有的音,标在后面的音节上。f 上齿碰下唇 · θ/ð 舌尖放在齿间 · r 舌尖颤动(只有“ㄹ”时是 l)。
读音标注说明
beginning the Christ salvation
- 粗大字(ˈ)= 重读、稍长。单词里最重的音节。
- 浅色字= 弱读、短读(含糊元音)。不要每个音节一样重。
- 小号的 “으·트·스”= 几乎不发音。英语里没有这个元音,只发辅音。
- 整个词都浅(the、of、and、to…)= 句中轻读、快读,重读名词、动词等实词。
- 小号的 f v θ ð r= 韩语里没有的音。f 上齿轻触下唇,v 同样位置并发声,θ/ð 舌尖放在上下齿之间,r 舌头卷起、不碰任何地方。
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章
关于本章
Classed as a Medinan sura, it begins by describing itself as a sura sent down and made obligatory, then sets penalties for fornication and for accusing chaste women without four witnesses, along with an oath procedure for a husband who accuses his wife without witnesses. It then deals with a slander that had spread among the believers, teaching them not to repeat what they do not know and to think well of one another. Rules follow on asking permission before entering others' houses, on men and women lowering their gaze and guarding their chastity, and on helping the unmarried to marry. At its centre is the verse declaring God the Light of the heavens and the earth, likened to a lamp in a niche. The deeds of disbelievers are compared to a mirage and to darkness in a deep sea. The sura closes with obedience to God and the Messenger, permission to enter private rooms at certain times, and eating in relatives' homes.
- Fornication and false accusation
- Guarding against slander
- Modesty and lowered gaze
- God as the Light
- Household manners
章名由来 The name comes from verse 35, which declares God the Light of the heavens and the earth and likens His light to a lamp in a niche.
(简介为英文)
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1
[This is] a sura which We have sent down and made obligatory, and in which We have sent down clear verses, so that you may take heed.
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2
The woman and the man guilty of fornication, flog each of them with a hundred lashes, and let no pity for them keep you from [carrying out] the religion of God, if you believe in God and the Last Day. And let a group of the believers witness their punishment.
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3
The fornicator marries none but a fornicatress or an idolatress, and the fornicatress, none marries her but a fornicator or an idolater. That has been forbidden to the believers.
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4
Those who accuse chaste women and then do not bring four witnesses, flog them with eighty lashes and never accept their testimony. It is they who are the defiantly disobedient,
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5
except those who repent after that and make amends, for God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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6
As for those who accuse their wives and have no witnesses except themselves, the testimony of one of them [shall be] four testimonies [sworn] by God that he is among the truthful,
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7
and the fifth, that the curse of God be upon him if he is among the liars.
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8
And the punishment will be averted from her if she testifies four testimonies [sworn] by God that he is among the liars,
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9
and the fifth, that the wrath of God be upon her if he is among the truthful.
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10
Were it not for God's favour upon you and His mercy, and that God is Accepting of repentance and All-Wise, [you would have been ruined].
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11
Those who brought forth the slander are a group among you. Do not think it bad for you; rather, it is good for you. Every one of them will have what he earned of sin, and the one among them who took the greater part in it will have a great punishment.
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12
Why, when you heard it, did the believing men and believing women not think well of their own people and say, “This is an obvious slander”?
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13
Why did they not produce four witnesses to it? Having failed to produce the witnesses, they are the liars in God's sight.
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14
Were it not for God's favour upon you and His mercy in this world and the Hereafter, a great punishment would have touched you for what you indulged in,
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15
when you received it with your tongues and said with your mouths that of which you had no knowledge, and you thought it trivial, while in the sight of God it was grave.
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16
Why, when you heard it, did you not say, “It is not for us to speak of this. Glory be to You! This is a great slander”?
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17
God admonishes you never to repeat the like of it, if you are believers.
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18
And God makes the verses clear to you. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
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19
Those who love that indecency should spread among those who believe will have a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter. God knows, and you do not know.
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20
Were it not for God's favour upon you and His mercy, and that God is Most Kind, Most Merciful, [you would have been ruined].
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21
You who believe, do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Whoever follows the footsteps of Satan, he commands indecency and wrongdoing. Were it not for God's favour upon you and His mercy, not one of you would ever have been purified. But God purifies whomever He wills. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
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22
Let not those among you who are blessed with grace and means swear off giving to relatives, the needy, and those who emigrated for the cause of God. Let them pardon and overlook. Do you not love that God should forgive you? God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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23
Those who accuse chaste, unsuspecting, believing women are cursed in this world and the Hereafter, and for them is a great punishment,
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24
on the Day when their tongues, their hands and their feet will testify against them about what they used to do.
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25
On that Day God will pay them in full their just due, and they will know that God is the manifest Truth.
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26
Corrupt women are for corrupt men, and corrupt men are for corrupt women; good women are for good men, and good men are for good women. Those are cleared of what they say [about them]. For them is forgiveness and a generous provision.
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27
You who believe, do not enter houses other than your own until you have asked permission and greeted their occupants. That is better for you, so that you may take heed.
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28
If you find no one in them, do not enter them until permission is given to you. And if you are told, “Go back,” then go back; that is purer for you. God knows well what you do.
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29
There is no blame on you for entering uninhabited houses in which there is some use for you. God knows what you reveal and what you conceal.
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30
Tell the men who believe to cast down their eyes and protect their chastity. That keeps them purer. God is fully aware of everything they do.
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31
And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and guard their private parts, and not to display their adornment except what [normally] appears of it, and to draw their head-coverings over their bosoms, and not to display their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands' fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers, their brothers' sons, their sisters' sons, their women, those their right hands possess, male attendants who have no desire, or children who are not yet aware of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet to make known what they hide of their adornment. And turn to God in repentance, all of you, believers, so that you may succeed.
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32
Marry off the unmarried among you, and the righteous among your male and female slaves. If they are poor, God will enrich them from His bounty. God is All-Encompassing, All-Knowing.
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33
Let those who cannot find [the means] to marry keep themselves chaste until God enriches them from His bounty. And those of your slaves who seek a contract [of freedom], make a contract with them if you know there is good in them, and give them of the wealth of God which He has given you. And do not compel your slave girls to prostitution, if they desire chastity, in order to seek the passing goods of this worldly life. And whoever compels them, then after their compulsion God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful [to them].
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34
We have sent down to you clear verses, and an example from those who passed away before you, and an admonition for the God-fearing.
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35
God is the Light of the heavens and the earth. The example of His light is like a niche in which is a lamp; the lamp is in a glass; the glass is as if it were a brilliant star, lit from a blessed olive tree, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil would almost glow even if no fire touched it. Light upon light! God guides to His light whomever He wills. God sets forth examples for people, and God knows all things.
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36
[That lamp is] in houses which God has permitted to be raised and in which His name is remembered. In them He is glorified in the mornings and the evenings
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37
by men whom neither trade nor sale distracts from the remembrance of God, keeping up the prayer, and giving the alms. They fear a Day when hearts and eyes will be overturned,
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38
so that God may reward them according to the best of what they did and give them more from His bounty. God provides for whomever He wills without measure.
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39
As for those who disbelieve, their deeds are like a mirage in a plain, which the thirsty one thinks is water, until when he comes to it, he finds it is nothing; but he finds God there, who pays him his account in full. God is swift in reckoning.
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40
Or [their deeds are] like darknesses in a deep sea, covered by waves upon which are waves, above which are clouds: darknesses, one above another. When one puts out his hand, he can hardly see it. And whoever God does not grant light has no light.
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41
Do you not see that God is glorified by whoever is in the heavens and the earth, and by the birds with wings outspread? Each knows its [way of] prayer and glorification. And God knows well what they do.
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42
To God belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and to God is the final return.
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43
Do you not see that God drives the clouds, then joins them together, then piles them up, and you see the rain coming out of their midst? And He sends down from the sky, from mountains [of cloud] in it, hail, and strikes with it whom He wills and turns it away from whom He wills. The flash of its lightning almost takes away the sight.
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44
God alternates the night and the day. In that is a lesson for those who have vision.
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45
God has created every animal from water. Some of them crawl on their bellies, some walk on two legs, and some walk on four. God creates whatever He wills. God has power over all things.
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46
We have sent down clear verses, and God guides whomever He wills to a straight path.
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47
They say, “We believe in God and in the Messenger, and we obey.” Then a group of them turns away after that. Those are not believers.
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48
When they are summoned to God and His Messenger for him to judge between them, some of them promptly turn aside.
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49
But if the right is on their side, they come to him readily submissive.
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50
Is there sickness in their hearts, or are they in doubt, or do they fear that God and His Messenger will be unjust to them? No, it is they who are the wrongdoers.
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51
The only response of the believers, when they are called to God and His Messenger so that he may judge between them, is to say, “We hear and we obey.” It is they who will succeed.
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52
Whoever obeys God and His Messenger, and fears God and is mindful of Him, it is they who will be the triumphant.
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53
They swear by God their most solemn oaths that if you commanded them, they would surely go forth. Say, “Do not swear. [What is required is] obedience that is known [to be sincere]. God is All-Aware of what you do.”
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54
Say, “Obey God and obey the Messenger.” But if you turn away, he is only responsible for what he has been charged with, and you are responsible for what you have been charged with. If you obey him, you will be guided. The Messenger's duty is only to deliver [the message] clearly.
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55
God has promised those among you who believe and do good deeds that He will surely make them successors in the land, as He made those before them successors, and that He will surely establish for them their religion which He has approved for them, and that He will surely replace their fear with security. They worship Me, not associating anything with Me. But whoever disbelieves after that, it is they who are the defiantly disobedient.
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56
Keep up the prayer, give the alms, and obey the Messenger, so that you may receive mercy.
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57
Do not think that those who disbelieve can escape [God] on earth. Their refuge will be the Fire, and what a wretched destination!
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58
You who believe, let those whom your right hands possess and those of you who have not reached puberty ask your permission [before entering] at three times: before the dawn prayer, when you take off your clothes at noon, and after the night prayer. [These are] three times of privacy for you. At other times there is no blame on you or on them, as you move about among one another. Thus God makes the verses clear to you. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
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59
When the children among you reach puberty, let them ask permission as those before them asked permission. Thus God makes His verses clear to you. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
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60
As for elderly women who have no hope of marriage, there is no blame on them if they lay aside their [outer] garments, without making a display of adornment. But to refrain is better for them. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
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61
There is no blame on the blind, nor blame on the lame, nor blame on the sick, nor on yourselves, if you eat from your [own] houses, or the houses of your fathers, or the houses of your mothers, or the houses of your brothers, or the houses of your sisters, or the houses of your paternal uncles, or the houses of your paternal aunts, or the houses of your maternal uncles, or the houses of your maternal aunts, or [from houses] whose keys you possess, or [the house] of your friend. There is no blame on you whether you eat together or separately. But when you enter houses, greet one another with a greeting from God, blessed and good. Thus God makes the verses clear to you, so that you may understand.
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62
The believers are only those who believe in God and His Messenger, and who, when they are with him on a matter that brings [people] together, do not leave until they have asked his permission. Those who ask your permission are the ones who believe in God and His Messenger. So when they ask your permission for some affair of theirs, give permission to whom you will among them, and ask God to forgive them. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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63
Do not make the Messenger's calling among you like your calling one another. God knows those of you who slip away, concealing themselves behind others. So let those who go against his command beware, lest a trial befall them or a painful punishment befall them.
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64
Indeed, to God belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth. He knows what state you are in. And on the Day they are returned to Him, He will inform them of what they did. God knows all things.