At-Tawbah 9
Repentance発音表記の見方
الرَّحْمَٰنِ르r라흐마니 بِسْمِ비스밀
- 太字 = 単語の強勢がある音節。少し強く。
- 上線 = 長母音(マッド)。2拍ほど伸ばす。朗誦でいちばん大切な長さ。
- 小さい字 = アラビア語に母音がない所。子音だけを短く。
- 小さなラテン文字 = 韓国語にない音。次の音節に付く。f 上の歯で下唇に触れる · θ/ð 舌先を歯の間に · r 舌先を震わせる(ㄹ だけなら l)。
発音表記の見方
beginning the Christ salvation
- 太く大きい字(ˈ) = 強く、少し長く。単語でいちばん強い音節。
- 薄い字 = 弱く・短く(あいまい母音)。全部の音節を同じ強さで読まないこと。
- 小さい 으・트・스 = ほとんど発音しない。英語にない母音なので、子音だけで止める。
- 単語全体が薄い(the・of・and・to…) = 文の中では弱く速く。名詞・動詞など内容語を強く。
- 小さい f v θ ð r = 韓国語にない音。f 上の歯を下唇に当てる、v 同じ形で声を出す、θ・ð 舌先を歯の間に、r 舌を丸めてどこにも触れない。
表示する本文
スーラ
この章について
Classed as a Medinan sura, it opens with a declaration releasing the believers from treaties with the idolaters, granting four months' grace, while ordering that treaties with those who kept faith be honoured to the end of their term. It then speaks of who may tend God's places of worship, recalls the day of Hunayn, addresses relations with the People of the Book, and fixes the year at twelve months, four of them sacred. It mentions the Messenger in the cave telling his companion not to grieve. A long middle section exposes the excuses of the hypocrites who would not go out on campaign, lists who may receive charity, and warns against a mosque built to cause harm. It says God has bought the believers' lives in exchange for the Garden. Near the end, God accepts the repentance of three men who had stayed behind, and the sura closes with a description of the Messenger's care for the believers.
- Treaties and their release
- Excuses of the hypocrites
- Recipients of charity
- Repentance accepted
- Striving in God's path
名前の由来 It is called Repentance because the sura repeatedly speaks of God accepting people's repentance, most notably in verses 117–118 about those who stayed behind.
(紹介文は英語です)
-
1
[This is] a release from all obligation, from God and His Messenger, to those of the idolaters with whom you made a treaty:
-
2
“Move about freely in the land for four months, and know that you cannot frustrate God, and that God will disgrace the disbelievers.”
-
3
And [this is] a proclamation from God and His Messenger to the people on the day of the greater pilgrimage: that God is free of [obligation to] the idolaters, and so is His Messenger. So if you repent, it is better for you; but if you turn away, know that you cannot frustrate God. And give those who disbelieve the tidings of a painful punishment—
-
4
except those of the idolaters with whom you made a treaty and who have not failed you in anything nor supported anyone against you. Fulfill their treaty with them until its term. God loves the God-fearing.
-
5
Then, when the sacred months have passed, kill the idolaters wherever you find them, seize them, besiege them, and lie in wait for them at every place of ambush. But if they repent, keep up the prayer, and give the alms (zakat), let them go their way. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
-
6
And if any of the idolaters seeks your protection, grant him protection so that he may hear the word of God; then convey him to his place of safety. That is because they are a people who do not know.
-
7
How can there be a treaty with God and His Messenger for the idolaters—except those with whom you made a treaty at the Sacred Mosque? So long as they stay true to you, stay true to them. God loves the God-fearing.
-
8
How [can there be], when, if they gain the upper hand over you, they respect neither kinship nor pact with you? They please you with their mouths, but their hearts refuse, and most of them are defiantly disobedient.
-
9
They have sold the signs of God for a small price and turned [people] away from His path. Evil indeed is what they used to do.
-
10
They respect neither kinship nor pact with a believer. It is they who are the transgressors.
-
11
But if they repent, keep up the prayer, and give the alms (zakat), then they are your brothers in religion. We make the verses clear for a people who know.
-
12
But if they break their oaths after their treaty and attack your religion, then fight the leaders of disbelief—their oaths mean nothing—so that they may desist.
-
13
Will you not fight a people who broke their oaths, who resolved to drive out the Messenger, and who attacked you first? Do you fear them? God has more right that you should fear Him, if you are believers.
-
14
Fight them; God will punish them by your hands, disgrace them, give you victory over them, and heal the hearts of a believing people,
-
15
and remove the rage from their hearts. God turns in mercy to whom He wills. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
-
16
Or did you think that you would be left alone while God has not yet made evident those of you who strive and do not take as intimate allies anyone besides God, His Messenger, and the believers? God is fully aware of what you do.
-
17
It is not for the idolaters to maintain the mosques of God while bearing witness against themselves to disbelief. Their deeds have come to nothing, and in the Fire they will remain forever.
-
18
The mosques of God are maintained only by those who believe in God and the Last Day, keep up the prayer, give the alms (zakat), and fear none but God. It may be that they will be among the rightly guided.
-
19
Do you consider giving water to the pilgrims and maintaining the Sacred Mosque equal to [the deeds of] one who believes in God and the Last Day and strives in the path of God? They are not equal in the sight of God. God does not guide the wrongdoing people.
-
20
Those who believed, emigrated, and strove in the path of God with their wealth and their lives are greater in rank in the sight of God. It is they who are the triumphant.
-
21
Their Lord gives them good news of mercy from Him, of His good pleasure, and of Gardens in which they will have lasting bliss,
-
22
remaining in them forever. With God is a great reward.
-
23
O you who believe, do not take your fathers and your brothers as allies if they prefer disbelief to faith. Whoever of you takes them as allies—it is they who are the wrongdoers.
-
24
Say, “If your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your wives, your kinsfolk, the wealth you have acquired, the trade whose decline you fear, and the dwellings you are pleased with are dearer to you than God and His Messenger and striving in His path, then wait until God brings about His command. God does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.”
-
25
God has given you victory on many battlefields, and on the day of Hunayn, when your great numbers pleased you but availed you nothing, and the earth, for all its vastness, closed in on you, and you turned back in retreat.
-
26
Then God sent down His tranquility upon His Messenger and upon the believers, and sent down forces you did not see, and punished those who disbelieved. That is the recompense of the disbelievers.
-
27
Then, after that, God turns in mercy to whom He wills. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
-
28
O you who believe, the idolaters are nothing but impure, so let them not approach the Sacred Mosque after this year of theirs. If you fear poverty, God will enrich you from His bounty, if He wills. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
-
29
Fight those among the People of the Book who do not believe in God or the Last Day, who do not forbid what God and His Messenger have forbidden, and who do not follow the religion of truth, until they pay the jizyah (tribute) by hand, in a state of submission.
-
30
The Jews say, “Uzayr is the son of God,” and the Christians say, “The Messiah is the son of God.” That is what they say with their mouths, imitating the words of those who disbelieved before. May God destroy them! How they are turned away [from the truth]!
-
31
They have taken their rabbis and their monks as lords besides God, and also the Messiah, son of Mary, though they were commanded to worship only one God. There is no god but Him. Glory be to Him above what they associate [with Him].
-
32
They want to put out the light of God with their mouths, but God refuses anything other than to perfect His light, even though the disbelievers dislike it.
-
33
It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth, to make it prevail over all religion, even though the idolaters dislike it.
-
34
O you who believe, many of the rabbis and monks consume people’s wealth wrongfully and turn [people] away from the path of God. And those who hoard gold and silver and do not spend it in the path of God—give them the tidings of a painful punishment,
-
35
on the Day it will be heated in the fire of Hell, and their foreheads, their sides, and their backs will be branded with it: “This is what you hoarded for yourselves, so taste what you used to hoard.”
-
36
The number of months with God is twelve months in the decree of God, from the day He created the heavens and the earth; four of them are sacred. That is the upright religion, so do not wrong yourselves during them. And fight the idolaters all together, as they fight you all together, and know that God is with the God-fearing.
-
37
Postponing [a sacred month] is only an increase in disbelief, by which those who disbelieve are led astray. They make it lawful one year and forbid it another year, to match the number of months God has made sacred, and so make lawful what God has forbidden. The evil of their deeds has been made to seem fair to them. God does not guide the disbelieving people.
-
38
O you who believe, what is wrong with you that, when you are told, “Go forth in the path of God,” you cling heavily to the earth? Are you content with the life of this world rather than the Hereafter? The enjoyment of the life of this world, compared to the Hereafter, is only a little.
-
39
If you do not go forth, He will punish you with a painful punishment and replace you with another people, and you will not harm Him at all. God has power over all things.
-
40
If you do not help him, God has already helped him, when those who disbelieved drove him out, the second of two, when the two were in the cave and he said to his companion, “Do not grieve; God is with us.” Then God sent down His tranquility upon him, supported him with forces you did not see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the lowest, while the word of God is the highest. God is Almighty, All-Wise.
-
41
Go forth, whether lightly or heavily [equipped], and strive with your wealth and your lives in the path of God. That is better for you, if you only knew.
-
42
Had it been a gain close at hand and an easy journey, they would have followed you, but the distance seemed too far for them. They will swear by God, “Had we been able, we would have gone out with you,” destroying themselves. God knows that they are liars.
-
43
May God pardon you! Why did you give them permission before it became clear to you who were truthful and you knew the liars?
-
44
Those who believe in God and the Last Day do not ask your permission [to be excused] from striving with their wealth and their lives. God knows well the God-fearing.
-
45
Only those ask your permission who do not believe in God and the Last Day, and whose hearts are in doubt, so they waver in their doubt.
-
46
Had they wanted to go out, they would have made some preparation for it. But God disliked their setting out, so He held them back, and it was said, “Stay behind with those who stay behind.”
-
47
Had they gone out among you, they would have added nothing but trouble, and they would have hurried about in your midst seeking to stir up discord among you, and among you are some who would listen to them. God knows well the wrongdoers.
-
48
They had already sought to stir up discord before, and turned matters upside down for you, until the truth came and the command of God prevailed, though they disliked it.
-
49
Among them is one who says, “Excuse me, and do not put me to trial.” Surely, into trial they have already fallen. And Hell indeed surrounds the disbelievers.
-
50
If good befalls you, it grieves them; but if a misfortune befalls you, they say, “We took our precautions beforehand,” and they turn away rejoicing.
-
51
Say, “Nothing will befall us except what God has written for us. He is our Protector.” And in God let the believers put their trust.
-
52
Say, “Are you waiting for anything to befall us except one of the two best things? But we are waiting for God to afflict you with a punishment from Himself or at our hands. So wait; we too are waiting with you.”
-
53
Say, “Spend willingly or unwillingly; it will never be accepted from you. You have been a defiantly disobedient people.”
-
54
Nothing prevents their spending from being accepted except that they disbelieved in God and His Messenger, that they come to prayer only lazily, and that they spend only reluctantly.
-
55
So do not let their wealth or their children impress you. God only intends to punish them through these in the life of this world, and that their souls should depart while they are disbelievers.
-
56
They swear by God that they are of you, but they are not of you; they are a people who are afraid.
-
57
If they could find a refuge, or caves, or any place to enter, they would turn to it, rushing headlong.
-
58
Among them is one who finds fault with you concerning [the distribution of] charities. If they are given some of it, they are pleased; but if they are not given any, at once they are resentful.
-
59
If only they had been content with what God and His Messenger gave them, and said, “God is sufficient for us; God will give us of His bounty, and so will His Messenger. To God we turn in longing.”
-
60
Charities are only for the poor and the needy, for those who administer them, for those whose hearts are to be reconciled, for [freeing] slaves, for debtors, for the path of God, and for the traveler—an obligation from God. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
-
61
Among them are those who hurt the Prophet and say, “He is all ears.” Say, “He listens to what is good for you. He believes in God, trusts the believers, and is a mercy for those of you who believe.” Those who hurt the Messenger of God will have a painful punishment.
-
62
They swear by God to you in order to please you, but God and His Messenger have more right that they should please Him, if they are believers.
-
63
Do they not know that whoever opposes God and His Messenger will have the fire of Hell, remaining in it forever? That is the great disgrace.
-
64
The hypocrites fear that a sura will be sent down about them, informing them of what is in their hearts. Say, “Mock [as you will]; God will bring out what you fear.”
-
65
If you ask them, they will surely say, “We were only chatting idly and joking.” Say, “Was it God, His signs, and His Messenger that you were mocking?”
-
66
Make no excuses; you have disbelieved after your belief. If We pardon one group of you, We will punish another group, because they were criminals.
-
67
The hypocrite men and hypocrite women are all alike: they command what is wrong, forbid what is right, and close their hands. They forgot God, so He has forgotten them. The hypocrites are the defiantly disobedient.
-
68
God has promised the hypocrite men and hypocrite women and the disbelievers the fire of Hell, remaining in it forever. It is sufficient for them. God has cursed them, and they will have a lasting punishment.
-
69
[You are] like those before you: they were stronger than you in power and richer in wealth and children. They enjoyed their share, and you have enjoyed your share as those before you enjoyed theirs, and you have indulged in idle talk as they indulged. Their deeds have come to nothing in this world and the Hereafter, and it is they who are the losers.
-
70
Has the story of those before them not reached them—the people of Noah, Ad, and Thamud, the people of Abraham, the dwellers of Midian, and the overturned towns? Their messengers came to them with clear proofs. God would never wrong them, but they used to wrong themselves.
-
71
The believing men and believing women are allies of one another. They command what is right, forbid what is wrong, keep up the prayer, give the alms (zakat), and obey God and His Messenger. It is they on whom God will have mercy. God is Almighty, All-Wise.
-
72
God has promised the believing men and believing women Gardens beneath which rivers flow, to remain in them forever, and good dwellings in the Gardens of Eden. But the good pleasure of God is greater. That is the great triumph.
-
73
O Prophet, strive against the disbelievers and the hypocrites, and be stern with them. Their refuge is Hell—what an evil destination!
-
74
They swear by God that they said nothing, but they did say the word of disbelief, and they disbelieved after having accepted Islam, and they planned what they could not attain. They resented nothing except that God and His Messenger had enriched them from His bounty. If they repent, it will be better for them; but if they turn away, God will punish them with a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter, and they will have on earth no protector and no helper.
-
75
Among them are those who made a pledge to God: “If He gives us of His bounty, we will surely give charity and be among the righteous.”
-
76
But when He gave them of His bounty, they were stingy with it and turned away, averse.
-
77
So He caused hypocrisy to follow in their hearts until the Day they meet Him, because they broke their promise to God and because they used to lie.
-
78
Do they not know that God knows their secrets and their private talk, and that God is the Knower of all that is unseen?
-
79
Those who find fault with the believers who give charity voluntarily, and [ridicule] those who find nothing [to give] but their effort, and mock them—God mocks them, and they will have a painful punishment.
-
80
Ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them; even if you ask forgiveness for them seventy times, God will never forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in God and His Messenger, and God does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.
-
81
Those who were left behind rejoiced in staying behind after the Messenger of God, and they disliked striving with their wealth and their lives in the path of God. They said, “Do not go forth in the heat.” Say, “The fire of Hell is more intense in heat,” if only they understood.
-
82
So let them laugh a little and weep much, as a recompense for what they used to earn.
-
83
If God brings you back to a group of them and they ask your permission to go forth, say, “You will never go forth with me, and you will never fight an enemy with me. You were content to sit back the first time, so sit back with those who stay behind.”
-
84
And never pray [the funeral prayer] over any of them who dies, nor stand at his grave. They disbelieved in God and His Messenger and died while they were defiantly disobedient.
-
85
And do not let their wealth and their children impress you. God only intends to punish them through these in this world, and that their souls should depart while they are disbelievers.
-
86
When a sura is sent down [saying], “Believe in God and strive alongside His Messenger,” the wealthy among them ask your permission [to stay behind] and say, “Let us be with those who sit back.”
-
87
They are content to be with those who stay behind, and their hearts have been sealed, so they do not understand.
-
88
But the Messenger and those who believe with him strive with their wealth and their lives. Theirs are the good things, and it is they who are the successful.
-
89
God has prepared for them Gardens beneath which rivers flow, to remain in them forever. That is the great triumph.
-
90
Those of the desert Arabs who had excuses came, asking to be given permission [to stay behind], while those who lied to God and His Messenger simply sat back. A painful punishment will strike those of them who disbelieve.
-
91
There is no blame on the weak, nor on the sick, nor on those who find nothing to spend, as long as they are sincere to God and His Messenger. There is no cause [for blame] against those who do good. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
-
92
Nor [is there blame] on those who came to you to provide them with mounts, and you said, “I find nothing on which to mount you,” and they turned back, their eyes overflowing with tears, grieving that they could find nothing to spend.
-
93
The cause [for blame] is only against those who ask your permission while they are rich. They are content to be with those who stay behind, and God has sealed their hearts, so they do not know.
-
94
They will make excuses to you when you return to them. Say, “Make no excuses; we will never believe you. God has already informed us about you. God will see your deeds, and so will His Messenger; then you will be brought back to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, and He will inform you of what you used to do.”
-
95
They will swear by God to you when you return to them, so that you may leave them alone. So leave them alone; they are filth, and their refuge is Hell, as a recompense for what they used to earn.
-
96
They swear to you so that you may be pleased with them. But even if you are pleased with them, God is not pleased with the defiantly disobedient people.
-
97
The desert Arabs are more severe in disbelief and hypocrisy, and more likely not to know the limits of what God has sent down to His Messenger. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
-
98
Among the desert Arabs are some who regard what they spend as a loss, and they wait for misfortunes to befall you. Upon them be the evil misfortune! God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
-
99
And among the desert Arabs are some who believe in God and the Last Day, and regard what they spend as a means of drawing near to God and [of obtaining] the prayers of the Messenger. Truly, it is a means of nearness for them. God will admit them into His mercy. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
-
100
As for the first forerunners among the emigrants and the helpers, and those who followed them in doing good—God is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him, and He has prepared for them Gardens beneath which rivers flow, to remain in them forever. That is the great triumph.
-
101
Among the desert Arabs around you are hypocrites, and among the people of Medina too are those who have grown persistent in hypocrisy. You do not know them; We know them. We will punish them twice, then they will be returned to a great punishment.
-
102
And others have acknowledged their sins; they have mixed a righteous deed with another that was bad. It may be that God will turn to them in mercy. God is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
-
103
Take from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them to grow, and pray for them. Your prayer is a comfort for them. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
-
104
Do they not know that it is God who accepts repentance from His servants and receives charities, and that God is the Accepter of Repentance, the Most Merciful?
-
105
And say, “Work, for God will see your work, and so will His Messenger and the believers. And you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, and He will inform you of what you used to do.”
-
106
And others are deferred for the decision of God: either He will punish them or He will turn to them in mercy. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
-
107
And [there are] those who took a mosque to cause harm and disbelief, to divide the believers, and as an outpost for one who had already fought against God and His Messenger. They will surely swear, “We intended nothing but good.” But God bears witness that they are liars.
-
108
Never stand [in prayer] in it. A mosque founded on mindfulness of God from the first day is more worthy for you to stand in. In it are men who love to purify themselves, and God loves those who purify themselves.
-
109
Is one who founded his building on mindfulness of God and His good pleasure better, or one who founded his building on the edge of a crumbling bank, so that it tumbled with him into the fire of Hell? God does not guide the wrongdoing people.
-
110
The building they have built will not cease to be a [source of] doubt in their hearts, unless their hearts are cut to pieces. God is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
-
111
God has purchased from the believers their lives and their wealth in exchange for the Garden being theirs. They fight in the path of God, and they kill and are killed. [It is] a true promise binding on Him in the Torah, the Gospel, and the Quran. And who is more faithful to his covenant than God? So rejoice in the bargain you have made with Him. That is the great triumph.
-
112
[They are] those who repent, who worship, who praise, who go forth [for His sake], who bow, who prostrate, who command what is right and forbid what is wrong, and who keep the limits set by God. And give good news to the believers.
-
113
It is not for the Prophet and those who believe to ask forgiveness for the idolaters, even if they are near relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are the companions of the Blaze.
-
114
Abraham’s asking forgiveness for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him. But when it became clear to him that he was an enemy of God, he disassociated himself from him. Abraham was tender-hearted and forbearing.
-
115
God would never lead a people astray after He has guided them until He makes clear to them what they should guard against. God knows all things.
-
116
To God belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. He gives life and causes death. Besides God you have no protector and no helper.
-
117
God has turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the emigrants and the helpers who followed him in the hour of hardship, after the hearts of a group of them had nearly swerved. Then He turned to them in mercy. He is Most Kind and Most Merciful to them.
-
118
And [He turned in mercy] to the three who were left behind, until, when the earth, for all its vastness, closed in on them, and their own souls closed in on them, and they knew that there was no refuge from God except in Him, He turned to them in mercy so that they might repent. God is the Accepter of Repentance, the Most Merciful.
-
119
O you who believe, be mindful of God and be with those who are truthful.
-
120
It was not for the people of Medina and the desert Arabs around them to stay behind from the Messenger of God, nor to prefer their own lives to his. That is because no thirst, fatigue, or hunger befalls them in the path of God, nor do they tread any ground that enrages the disbelievers, nor do they gain anything from an enemy, but a righteous deed is written for them because of it. God does not let the reward of those who do good go to waste.
-
121
Nor do they spend anything, small or great, nor do they cross a valley, but it is written for them, so that God may repay them for the best of what they used to do.
-
122
It is not for the believers to go forth all together. Why should not a party from every group of them go forth, so that [those who remain] may gain understanding in religion and warn their people when they return to them, so that they may beware?
-
123
O you who believe, fight those of the disbelievers who are near you, and let them find firmness in you. And know that God is with the God-fearing.
-
124
Whenever a sura is sent down, some of them say, “Which of you has this increased in faith?” As for those who believe, it has increased them in faith, and they rejoice.
-
125
But as for those in whose hearts is a sickness, it has added filth to their filth, and they die while they are disbelievers.
-
126
Do they not see that they are tried once or twice every year? Yet they do not repent, nor do they take heed.
-
127
Whenever a sura is sent down, they look at one another: “Does anyone see you?” Then they slip away. God has turned their hearts away, because they are a people who do not understand.
-
128
There has come to you a Messenger from among yourselves. Your suffering weighs heavily on him; he is deeply concerned for you, and to the believers he is kind and merciful.
-
129
But if they turn away, say, “God is sufficient for me. There is no god but Him. In Him I have put my trust, and He is the Lord of the mighty Throne.”